FLO4676886: Clerical costume: un monk franciscan, 14th century - Franciscan monk, 14th century - He wears a black woolen hood and robe, tied with a rope belt, and carries a book and cross - From a painting by Simone Martini - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676763: Laure de Sade (1310-1348) - Petrarch's Laura, from a portrait by Simone Martini, 14th century - She wears a small white hood with red fringe, fastened at the neck with gold buttons, and a green damask dress embroidered in gold - To identify Laura, Martini has painted a small flame under her throat - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676278: Un chevalier de Rhodes (Order of Saint John of Jerusalem a Rhodes or Order Hospitalier), kneeling in prayer, 15th century - Military garb as a Knight of Rhodes, or Hospitaler, 15th century - He wears a crimson tunic with gold cross over chainmail and plate armour, with gold buckles, steel gauntlets, red shoes and a steel helmet with yellow plume From a painting by Pinturicchio in Siena Cathedral - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676941: The coronation of Jean Galeas Visconti (Gian Galeazzo Visconti, 1351-1402) Duke of Milan (Italy), 14th century - Coronation of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan, 1351-1402 - The duke in scarlet and ermine kneels before King Wenceslaus of Luxembourg to be crowned - To the left, a knight holds the perial banner and a scribe writes in a book - To the right, knights holds the banner of the Viscontis, and a sword - From a missal in the archives of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676521: Tournament leaders: joute a l'epee entre des chevaliers, 15th century - Joust with swords between two knights at a tournament, 15th century - The knight at left has a coat of arms and caparison of ermine, and wears a helmet with crown, horns, and leopard - The other has a blue coat of arms and caparison illustration, and a helmet with a fleur de lys - From an by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676773: Military costume: un archer italien, 14eme century - Italian archer or longbowman, 14th century - He wears a pink tunic, doublet with full yellow sleeves, blue stockings and cracows (long pointed shoes a la poulaine) - From a miniature in the Titus Livius manuscript in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676702: Christian liturgical ritual: celebration of mass, the officiant consecrates the host for the Eucharist, 14th century - Celebrating a mass, 14th century - A priest, altar boy, and congregation are shown in front of an altar with cross, candle and Bible - From a miniature in a contemporary manuscript - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676048: The Knight Olivier de Vienne or Gennes, or Olivier le sage, confidant and adviser of Roland (736-778), in the epic poem Roland's Song, 11th-13th century - The paladin Oliver, or Olivier de Vienne, from the Song of Roland, 13th century - He wears a long tunic, stockings and shoes, large shield and on battle - From a figure the portal of Verona Cathedral - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676213: Cosimo (Come) of Medicis (1389-1464), also known as Cosimo the Elder (Cosimo il Vecchio) or Come Pere of the Fatherland (Cosimo Pater Patriae), Italian banker and statesman, founder of the political dynasty of the Medici - Cosimo de Medici (1389-1464), father of the nation - He wears a son bonnet, black cape over black robe - From a painting by Benozzo Gozzoli in the camposante (graveyard) in Pisa - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676313: Munio de Zamora (1237-1300), Spanish Dominican brother, master general of the Dominican Order (1285-1291) - Munio of Zamora, Dominican monk, 13th century - He wears a vestment of cape, scapular, tunic and shoes - From a mosaic gravestone to Munio of Zamora, seventh Master of the Order of Preachers, in the church of Santa Sabina in Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676934: The coronation of Jean Galeas Visconti (Gian Galeazzo Visconti, 1351-1402) Duke of Milan (Italy), 14th century - Coronation of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan, 14th century - The new duke in scarlet and ermine sits surrounded by clergy, nobles and military - A Bohemian knight holds the imperial banner, and Othon de Hello holds the banner of the Viscontis - From a missal in the archives of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676342: Judges storytellers, guarantors of the deroulement of a chivalry tournament, and a heraut king of arms, officer supervisor of the arms march, 15th century - Four tournament judges, judges', and the king of arms, roi d'armes, 15th century - The judges wear hats or hoods, doublets, stockings and cracows (pointed shoes) - The king of arms wears a chlamys with a parchment painting of the coats of arms of the combatants, doublet, black trousers, cracows with spurs, and holds a paper with the tourney challenges - From an illustration by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675968: Le pas d'arme (protocolaire entre chevaliers), Tournament de Saint Inglevere, near Calais (France), en 1380 - A joust between two mounted knights, 14th century - From the tournament held at St-Inglevere near Calais, c 1380, where three French knights (Sir Reginald de Roye, Sir Boucicaut and Lord de Saimpi) defended the lists for 30 days against comers from England and elsewhere - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677008: Costume d'une femme de noblesse jouant au jeu de paume, 14th century - Noble woman playing jeu de paume (real tennis) with raquet and ball, wearing a turban and simar (cassock) from a fresco at the Palazzo Borromeo, Milan, 14th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676804: Clerical costume: un monk chartreux, ordre de Saint Bruno, 14th century - Carthusian monk, Order of Saint Bruno, 14th century - He wears a hood, cape and tunic in white linen, and holds a walking stick - From a painting by Ambrogio Lorenzetti - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676111: Military costume of a crusader, 13th century - He wears an iron helmet and chainmail armour, yellow tunic, buckler with white cross on red field, cape lined in ermine, red shoes and gold spurs - From a painting in the Basilica of San Zeno, Verona - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676568: Costume d'un marchand venitien (Italy), 15th century - Venetian merchant, 15th century - He wears a black hat, sleeveless cape, black velvet doublet, red stockings and black shoes - From a painting by Gentile Bellini in the Academy of Fine Arts, Venice - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861 -, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676782: Petrarque (Francesco Petrarca, 1304-1374), Italian humanist poet - Petrarch, Italian poet, 14th century - He wears a robe and hood in scarlet lined with ermine - From the portrait by Simone Martini in the church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675948: Plebeien costume (costume ordinaire d'un homme du peuple), 14th century - Costume of a common man, 14th century - He wears a large, hooded smock with buttons down the front, and black shoes - From a painting by Simone Memmi, in the Spanish Chapel, Basilica of Santa Maria Novella, Florence - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675998: Italian infantry soldier, 14th century - He wears a winged helm, cuirassy and shoulder armour, green tabard over chainmail, knee armour and greaves - He carries a shield, sword and battle mace - From a miniature in a manuscript in the Barberini library, Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676014: Costume d'un jeune horalier italian, 14th century - Costume of a young Italian cavalry man, 14th century - He wears a scarlet bonnet, scarlet tabard bordered in gold and ermine, black belt, yellow stockings, and iron spurs - From a painting by Francesco Vanni of Petrarch's “” Triumph of Death”” in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676031: Bartolomeo Sacchi, dit Il Platina (1421-1481), Italian humanist and writer - Bartolomeo Platina, Italian Renaissance writer, 1421-1481 - He wears a violet cape over a scarlet doublet edged in ermine - From a painting by Piero della Francesca - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676059: Costume d'une jeune femme italian, 15th century - Costume of a young Italian woman, 15th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676071: Young page costume, 15eme century - Young page boy, 15th century - He wears a gold two-tone cape, red tabard, scarlet toque, green stockings and red cracows (pointed shoes a la poulaine) - From a fresco by Pinturicchio in the Piccolomini Library, Siena, Italy - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from” “Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675918: Costume d'une femme de la nobility romaine, 14th century - Costume of a noble woman of Rome, 14th century - She wears a white veil, a sky blue cape and a simple dress in pale violet - From a sepulchral stone to the wife of Luca Sevelli, in the Basilica of Saint Sabina, Rome, dated 1390 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675973: Costume d'une femme de la nobility anglaise, 14th century - Costume of an English noblewoman, 14th century - She wears a headdress red crown and violet ear covers, white veil, cape decorated with heraldic lions, green dress trimmed with ermine - From the sepulchral stone of Joyeuse Tiptoft in a church in Enfield, died 1446 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676006: Costume d'un fantassin italian, 15th century - Italian infantry soldier with lance and sword, 15th century - He wears a laced, pink velvet doublet over a white shirt, brayette (codpiece), stockings of blue and red/white, black shoes - Sword with gold grip and black scabbard - From a miniature in the great Bible of the Duke of Urbino - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676038: Costume d'un notaire, 15th century - Costume of a church notary, 15th century - He wears a red robe with hanging sleeves and blue collar, a gold habit and white shirt - From a miniature painting by Piero della Francesca - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676298: Catherine Cornaro (1454-1510), Queen of Cyprus, surrounded by Venetian ladies, kneeling in prayer, holding precious rosaries, 15th century - Catherine Cornaro, Queen of Cyprus with Venetian ladies, 15th century - She wears a crown with gemstones over a green diadem, a veil over her shoulders, corset and sleeves in gold-embroidered fabric - From a painting by Gentile Bellini in the Academy of Fine Arts, Venice - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676483: Costume of a woman of the nobility of Venice (Italy), accompanied by her child, 13th century - Noblewoman of Venice, 13th century - She wears a red hat decorated with gold and gemstones, a violet cape tied at the head, white tunic with gold clasps at the shoulder, red robe with gold embroidery - The child wears a violet and red tunic and gold booties - Taken from a mosaic in the door of Saint Mark's Basilica, Venice - Handcolored illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676537: Costume d'une jeune femme italian, 15th century - Costume of a young Italian woman, 15th century - She wears a white veil, scarlet cape, blue dress decorated with gold, gold belt, black shoes - From a miniature in the Duke of Urbino's Bible in the Vatican library - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676611: Costume of a secular lawyer to the church, 15th century - He wears a red cap, black robe over chainmail tunic, red doublet, white shirt, stockings and shoes - These lawyers often had to fight for their clients and hence he is armed with a mace and sword - From the painting “” Triumph of St Thomas Aquinas over the Heretics”” by Filipino Lippi in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676673: Italian merchants and a judicial notary, 14th century - The notary wears a violet and scarlet bonnet and cape - The left merchant wears a blue cape and hood, scarlet tunic with belt and purse - The right merchant wears a blue cape and hood, scarlet tunic with belt and purse - The right merchant in blue hat with black fur, brown tunic, leather belt and purse - From a manuscript in Siena Library - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676728: Clerical costume: un archveque du 14th century - Archbishop, 14th century - He wears a mitre decorated with gold, pink alb, blue dalmatic tunic, pink shoes - He holds a cross and Bible - From a Foscari family tomb in the church of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676814: Minion costume wearing a lantern for a round of night, 14th century - Sbirro or famiglio, Italian police agent with lantern, 14th century - He wears a scarlet cap, grey cape with black border, black tunic, red stockings and black boots - From a painting on the cover of a ledger in Siena Biccherna (treasury) - Handcolored illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images