FLO4676342: Judges storytellers, guarantors of the deroulement of a chivalry tournament, and a heraut king of arms, officer supervisor of the arms march, 15th century - Four tournament judges, judges', and the king of arms, roi d'armes, 15th century - The judges wear hats or hoods, doublets, stockings and cracows (pointed shoes) - The king of arms wears a chlamys with a parchment painting of the coats of arms of the combatants, doublet, black trousers, cracows with spurs, and holds a paper with the tourney challenges - From an illustration by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676419: Swearing an oath on the Bible, 15th century - The judge wears a crimson cap called a mortar, simar in gold brocade lined with ermine - The athtaker wears a simar and hood, while the witness wears a short cape lined with marten fur, doublet, stockings, cracows (pointed shoes) - From a miniature ature in manuscript 6829 in the Imperiale Library, Paris - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676721: Costume d'un medecin italian, 14th century - Italian doctor or physician, 14th century - He wears a velvet cap trimmed with fur, a black cape lined in white, scarlet robe, green sleeves, red shoes - He carries a gold box and pincers - From a painting by an unknown artist in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676769: Military suit: Victor (Vettore) Pisani (1324-1380), venitian admiral (Italy) - Vettore Pisani, Venetian admiral, 14th century - He wears a red toque, ted tunic buckled up the front, suit of steel plate armour, thighs, greaves, gauntlets, and shoes, edged with gold - His arms include two-handed sword and dagger - From the statue in Venice arsenal - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676799: Alberto I Canfrancesco della Scala (1291-1329), war name Cangrande della Scala, lord of Verona and mecene of Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) - Cangrande della Scala, lord of Verona, 14th center- He wears a blue cap, pink cape with hanging sleeves lined with fur, belted scarlet robe, gauntlets and holds a blue two-handed sword in scabbard - From his sarcophagus in the church of Santa Maria Antica, Verona - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676803: Cimabue (Cenni di Pepo) (1272-1302), Italian painter, headdress of a liripion - Cimabue, Florentine artist, 14th century - He wears a short white cape embroidered in gold, a hood with a long tail, tunic, stockings and garters in white and gold - From a painting by Simone Martini in the church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence - (Massard, this is Jean by Joinville, French chronicler, 1224-1317) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676850: Suit d'un homme jeif, 14eme century - Jewish man, 14th century - He wears a white hood, yellow cape with gold embroidery, green robe, red belt and shoes - From a painting by Sano di Pietro in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676887: Costume d'une jeune femme de Florence (Italy), 14th century - Noble woman of Florence, 14th century - She wears her hair tied with black laces, blue simar embroidered in gold, yellow lining, scarlet robe, leather belt - From a painting to illustrate Boccaccio's Decameron by an artist of the Florentine school - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676980: Costume d'une femme de la nobility Siennoise (Italy), 14th century - Noble woman of Siena, in luxurious crown of gold, silver necklace and fringed violet dress, from a painting by Domenico Bartoli, 14th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677051: Costume d'une jeune femme francaise, 14th century - Costume of a young French woman, 14th century, from the Titius Livius manuscript - She wears her hair tied with black laces, a white dress embroidered with gold, and long bizarre cracows (shoes “” a la poulaine”””””) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677070: Costume d'un valet, 14th century - Costume of a valet, 14th century - He wears a red hood with white border, tabard of the same fabric, lead-coloured stockings and silver spurs - He carries a dagger in a red scabbard - From a manuscript of “” Lancelot of the Lake”” in the Imperiale Library, 6964 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677083: King Edward III of England (1312-1377) - King Edward III of England, 14th century, in blue cape trimmed with ermine, red tunic bordered with gold - From his sepulchral monument in Westminster Abbey, London, with gold crown from the monument to Henry III, sceptre from paintings of Richard II, and throne from an ancient manuscript - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677154: Costume d'un jeune homme italien, 14eme century - Costume of a young Italian man, 14th century - He wears a tabard with a blue-and-white striped right side, and beige left side with hood over the shoulder - From a miniature in the Titus Livius manuscript in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676469: Military costume: un gentilhomme Tuscan (Italy), 15th century - Military costume of a Tuscan gentleman, 15th century - He wears a scarlet cape lined in black, white doublet, red stockings and yellow leather boots - He holds a sword and dagger with gold handles - From a painting by Matteo di Giovanni in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676513: Costume d'une femme de la nobility d'Italie, 15th century - Noblewoman of Italy, 15th century - She wears a crimson velvet bonnet with black lining, crimson silk simar with huge furlined sleeves, and blue velvet dress - It shows that the fashion has barely in changed over a century - From a miniature in the Duke of Urbino's Bible in the Vatican library - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676526: Costume d'un jeune homme siennois (Italy), 15th century - Costume of a young man of Siena, 15th century - He wears a tunic in two-tone white and gold fabric lined with fur, gold doublet, green stockings - From a small painting in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676545: Military costume: un soldat de Verona (Italy), 15th century - Costume of a soldier of Verona, 15th century - He wears a white cap, woolen coat with black velvet collar, brown breeches and black boots - A sabre in black scabbard hangs from his belt - From the painting “” Crucifixion””” by Michele de Verona, dated 1501 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676587: Le condottiere Giulio Orsini (d. 1517) - Jordan Orsini, Italian condottiere, 15th century - He wears a scarlet cap, suit of armour in steel ornamented with engraved details, gold chainmail joints, gold shoes and spurs - His horse is accoutred with leather saddle, lance cup and harness - From the sepulchral monument in a church in Monte Rotondo, Sabina- Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676589: Costume of a young Italian man, lifting his hat as a sign of salvation, 15th century - Young Italian man doffing his hat in salute, 15th century - He wears a violet peaked cap, a crimson velvet doublet, green damask tunic with fur trim, crimson stockings and leather boots - From a miniature in the Duke of Urbino's Bible in the Vatican library - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676631: Mathilde of Tuscany (ca. 1046-1145), called Countess Mathilde, Mathilde de Briey or Mathilde de Canossa - Matilda of Tuscany, 1046-1115 - She wears a conical hat decorated with gemstones, pink veil, red chlamys edged with gold tied at the left shoulder, blue robe edged with gold on the sleeves She sits on a throne, with cushion and footrest - Illustration taken from a manuscript of Donizo's “” Vita Mathildis -”” Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676632: Military costume: un soldat en cotes de meshes, 13th century (supposedly representation of Hugues III (1148-1192), Duke of Burgundy) - Military costume, 13th century - He wears a blue casque with yellow bend sinister, full chainmail suit of armour, violet tunic, buckler (shield) and sword - From a contemporary manuscript - According to Massard, this is Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy, 12th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676662: La cour de la basilica Saint Ambroise in Milan (Italy) - Courtyard of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio Milan, 13th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677126: Costume d'un jeune homme italien, 14eme century - Costume of a young Italian man, 14th century - He wears a hooded cape open at the side, over a tabard with wide sleeves, lead-coloured stockings, and cracows (pointed shoes a la poulaine) - From a miniature in the Titus Livius manuscript in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677176: Costume d'une jeune femme de Florence (Italy), 14th century - Costume of a young woman of Florence, 14th century - She wears a small bonnet over loose hair, a white veil embroidered with gold, a red simar (cassock) bordered with ermine, and a blue dress with gold sleeves - From a painting by Taddeo Gaddi in the Basilica di Santa Croce, Florence - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676711: Costume clerical: un canon du 14th century - Canon, 14th century - He wears an almuce, alb, and cassock - From a tomb in the church of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, Rome - Handcolored illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676765: Costume clerical: un monine benedictin, 14eme century - Benedictine monk, 14th century - He wears a black woolen hood and robe and carries a book - From English manuscript 3839 in the Vatican library - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils , Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676852: Costume of the Rector of the Hospital of Siena (Italy), 14th century - Rector of the hospital of Santa Maria della Scala, Siena, 14th century - He wears a black toque over a white cap, violet silk cape, black robe with yellow cuffs, green doublet, and black shoes - From a fresco “” Healing the Sick” by Domenico di Bartolo - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676903: Costume d'une femme de la nobility Milanese (italy), 14th century - Noblewoman of Milan, 14th century - She wears a veil that falls to the shoulders while another veil envelopes her throat, blue cape, purple robe, and holds a rosary - From a monument to the Visconti family in Brera chapel - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676916: Costume d'une femme de la nobility venitienne (italy), 12th century - Noblewoman of Venice, Dogaressa, 12th century - She wears a veil wrapped over the head and falling to the shoulder, a green cape edged in gold, violet robe and red shoes - From a figure in the mosaic doors of Saint Mark's Basilica - Handcolored illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677002: Piazza del Campo (or Il Campo) in Siena (Italy), with the Torre del Mangia tower and the Fonte Gaia fountain, 14th century - Piazza del Campo, Siena, Italy - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677022: Une femme de la noblesse francaise, kneeling in prayer, 14th century - French noblewoman kneeling in prayer, 14th century, in turban of gold cloth, outer robe of ermine with silver skirt, inner robe of dark yellow with belt - From Bible 6829 held at the Imperiale Library of Paris - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676159: Young page costumes, 15th century - Young page boys, 15th century - One in a black toque, yellow doublet with black sleeves, red stockings, and green straps - The second wears a green hat, tunic with velvet hem, striped doublet, and yellow stockings - From a fresco by Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Betto) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676168: the knight Roland or Hruotland, dit Roland le Preux (736-778), heros du poeme epique la chanson de Roland, 11th-13th century - The paladin Roland, from the Song of Roland, 13th century - He wears a helmet, chainmail tunic, stocking and chainmail legging - He holds a sword engraved with Durindarda and large shield From a figure on the portal of Verona Cathedral - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676293: Scene of morals in a Milanese interior, the man heats up in front of the fireplace, while his wife sets the table for dinner, 15th century - Household scene in Milan, 15th century - A Milanese gentleman warms at the hearth, while himself a woman prepares a meal at the table - He wears a red cap, simar lined with ermine, and red stockings - She wears a white cap, red robe and white apron - From a miniature painting in a manuscript in Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676301: Costume d'un homme de la nobility de Milan (Italy), 15th century - Nobleman of Milan, 15th century - He wears a black toque, a scarlet cape with skyblue lining, hanging sleeves, gold brocade robe, green doublet, black belt, pearl necklace and brooch of gemstones, red stockings and black shoes - From a painting of the Virgin by Bartolomeo Montagna, 1498 Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676348: The entrance of the judges, judges tellers, to a town - The lead judge wears a black cap, scarlet simar, and rides a horse in a caparison of scarlet with white band and blue bridle - The second judge has a black hat with plume, scarlet coat over yellow doublet, and rides a horse with a white caparison with scarlet bands - Their squire wears blue cap, green doublet, pink stockings and black cracows (pointed shoes) - From an illustration by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images