FLO4676342: Judges storytellers, guarantors of the deroulement of a chivalry tournament, and a heraut king of arms, officer supervisor of the arms march, 15th century - Four tournament judges, judges', and the king of arms, roi d'armes, 15th century - The judges wear hats or hoods, doublets, stockings and cracows (pointed shoes) - The king of arms wears a chlamys with a parchment painting of the coats of arms of the combatants, doublet, black trousers, cracows with spurs, and holds a paper with the tourney challenges - From an illustration by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676662: La cour de la basilica Saint Ambroise in Milan (Italy) - Courtyard of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio Milan, 13th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676721: Costume d'un medecin italian, 14th century - Italian doctor or physician, 14th century - He wears a velvet cap trimmed with fur, a black cape lined in white, scarlet robe, green sleeves, red shoes - He carries a gold box and pincers - From a painting by an unknown artist in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676769: Military suit: Victor (Vettore) Pisani (1324-1380), venitian admiral (Italy) - Vettore Pisani, Venetian admiral, 14th century - He wears a red toque, ted tunic buckled up the front, suit of steel plate armour, thighs, greaves, gauntlets, and shoes, edged with gold - His arms include two-handed sword and dagger - From the statue in Venice arsenal - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676799: Alberto I Canfrancesco della Scala (1291-1329), war name Cangrande della Scala, lord of Verona and mecene of Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) - Cangrande della Scala, lord of Verona, 14th center- He wears a blue cap, pink cape with hanging sleeves lined with fur, belted scarlet robe, gauntlets and holds a blue two-handed sword in scabbard - From his sarcophagus in the church of Santa Maria Antica, Verona - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675970: Knight of the short-lived Order of the Knot, an order of chivalry founded in 1352 by Louis of Taranto, King of Naples - He wears a brown tabard, steel helm, suit of armour, gauntlets and spurs - The helm edges of the shield are decorated with knots - From a sepulchral stone in the church of Saint Catherine, Pisa - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675983: Oldrado da Tresseno (d. 1233), podestat (mayor) of Milan (Italy), 13th century - Oldrado da Tresseno, Podesta or Mayor of Milan, 13th century - He wears a blue cape with gold clasp at the shoulder, pink tunic, yellow stockings, gold spurs - From an equestrian statue - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675984: Pope Sixtus IV (Francesco della Rovere, 1414-1484), crown 1471 - Pope Sixtus IV, (1414-1484), seated on a throne - He wears a bonnet and almuce in red wool trimmed with ermine, linen rochet, and a cassock of white wool - From a painting by Piero della Francesca in the Vatican - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676058: Costume d'un homme de la noblesse venitienne, 15eme century - Costume of a Venetian noble man, 15th century - He wears a red toque, scarlet cape lined with white silk, a lined hood, black stockings and leather shoes - It was rarely permitted to wear a sword in Venice at the time - From a painting by Gentile Bellini - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676131: Costume of a member of the company della Calza, young Venetian noble, wearing the distinctive costume of a theatrical society, responsible for organizing parties and games in Venice (Italy) (show, carnival, boat race or naval battles in the canals), 15th century - Member of a Compagnie della Calza, young Venetian noblemen who organized spectacles and masquerades in Venice, 15th century - He wears a violet toque, a green velvet jacket, black doublet, and odd stockings - The left is striped, and the right is scarlet decorated with pearls and palms - From a painting by Vittore Carpaccio in the Academy of Fine Arts, Venice - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676156: Gaston de Foix, Duke of Nemours or Gaston de Foix Nemours (1489-1512), Count of Etampes, General of the Armees of the King of France - Gaston de Foix (1489-1512), French military commander famous for his campaign during the War of the League of Cambrai - He wears a laurel wreath, a blue tunic over a suit of armour, and rests his hand a sword - From a sculpture by Agostino Busti preserved in the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan (now in Sforza Castle) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676196: Costume d'une jeune duchesse, 15th century - Costume of a young duchess, 15th century - She wears a bonnet with a gold crown, white chemisette over lace chemise, a gold brocade dress over a black dress, with sleeves laced to the shoulders - From a painting by Lucas van Leyden in the Academy of Fine Arts, Pisa - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676207: Costume d'une jeune femme de Milan (Italy), 15th century - Fashion of a young woman of Milan, 15th century - She sits on the floor reading a book, wearing a cape with sleeves lined in ermine, green belt, yellow dress and headdress - From a fresco in the Cathedral of Monza - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676218: Costume d'une matron (sage femme) florentine (Italy), 15th century - Costume of a matron of Florence, 15th century - She wears a plain veil, violet simar over a blue robe laced at the breast - From a church fresco - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676803: Cimabue (Cenni di Pepo) (1272-1302), Italian painter, headdress of a liripion - Cimabue, Florentine artist, 14th century - He wears a short white cape embroidered in gold, a hood with a long tail, tunic, stockings and garters in white and gold - From a painting by Simone Martini in the church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence - (Massard, this is Jean by Joinville, French chronicler, 1224-1317) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676850: Suit d'un homme jeif, 14eme century - Jewish man, 14th century - He wears a white hood, yellow cape with gold embroidery, green robe, red belt and shoes - From a painting by Sano di Pietro in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676887: Costume d'une jeune femme de Florence (Italy), 14th century - Noble woman of Florence, 14th century - She wears her hair tied with black laces, blue simar embroidered in gold, yellow lining, scarlet robe, leather belt - From a painting to illustrate Boccaccio's Decameron by an artist of the Florentine school - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676980: Costume d'une femme de la nobility Siennoise (Italy), 14th century - Noble woman of Siena, in luxurious crown of gold, silver necklace and fringed violet dress, from a painting by Domenico Bartoli, 14th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677051: Costume d'une jeune femme francaise, 14th century - Costume of a young French woman, 14th century, from the Titius Livius manuscript - She wears her hair tied with black laces, a white dress embroidered with gold, and long bizarre cracows (shoes “” a la poulaine”””””) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677070: Costume d'un valet, 14th century - Costume of a valet, 14th century - He wears a red hood with white border, tabard of the same fabric, lead-coloured stockings and silver spurs - He carries a dagger in a red scabbard - From a manuscript of “” Lancelot of the Lake”” in the Imperiale Library, 6964 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677083: King Edward III of England (1312-1377) - King Edward III of England, 14th century, in blue cape trimmed with ermine, red tunic bordered with gold - From his sepulchral monument in Westminster Abbey, London, with gold crown from the monument to Henry III, sceptre from paintings of Richard II, and throne from an ancient manuscript - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677154: Costume d'un jeune homme italien, 14eme century - Costume of a young Italian man, 14th century - He wears a tabard with a blue-and-white striped right side, and beige left side with hood over the shoulder - From a miniature in the Titus Livius manuscript in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676371: Protocol de challenge d'un tournament de chevalerie, 15th century - Tourney challenge etiquette, 15th century - A seated prince hands a sword to the kneeling king of arms, accompanied by two heralds, to present to his opponent - The prince wears a scarlet hood, doublet, stockings, and cracows - The king of arms wears a coat of arms in ermine, green tunic boots poulaines and spurs - The dais is decorated with the princess's coat of arms - From an illustration by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676402: Costume d'un juge penal anglais, 15eme century - Costume of an English criminal judge, 15th century - He wears an ermine-lined cape secured at the shoulder with a brooch, ermine-lined hood and robe, green purse with gold clasp - He wears a dagger called an anelacium from his belt - From a sepulchral monument to Sir William Gascoigne, Chief Justice of England during the reign of King Henry IV, in Harewood Church - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676430: Costume d'une femme de la nobility de Milan (Italy), 15th century - Noblewoman of Milan, 15th century - She wears a white veil, a scarlet cape with openings at the front and arms, black velvet sleeves, yellow dress and black shoes - From a painting in the Brera Gallery, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676461: Costume d'un apothecaire de Florence (Italy), 15th century - Costume of the Florentine apothecary, Matteo di Marco Palmieri, 15th century - He wears a crimson turban and cape, lined with white fur, green robe with yellow lining, and red shoes - He holds a mortar and pestle - Physicians and apothecaries had the right to wear ermine and squirrel fur - From a squirrel fur - From a painting by Domenico Bartoli in Siena hospital - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676507: Italian peasant costumes, 15th century - Costume of Italian peasants, 15th century - The man on the right wears a grey hood, tunic and boots, with black belt and purse - The figure on the left wears a crimson bonnet, off-white tunic, black belt, red stockings and brown leather boots - From a miniature in an ancient manuscript - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676547: Costumes d'hommes de la nobility de Florence (Italy), 15th century - Costume of noblemen of Florence, 15th century - The man in front wears a scarlet hood, cape lined in brown fur, black velvet doublet, scarlet stockings - The man behind wears a pink hood and cape, trimmed with squirrel, scarlet doublet and stockings - From the painting “” Triumph of Julius Caesar”” by Giovanni di Ser Giovanni (originally attributed to Dello Delli) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676565: Military costume: a French knight, Aimery by Guillaume Berard (?) , 13th century - Aimery by Guillaume Berard, French knight, condottiere and commander of the Florentine army at the battle of Campaldino, 1289 - He wears a helmet, chainmail suit of armour, tunic with fleurs de lys on blue, cuisses and greaves, shoes and spurs - He is armed with a shield (buckler), sword and dagger called a mist His horse has a blue caparison - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676584: Costume d'une femme de la nobility de Milan (Italy), 15th century - Noblewoman of Milan, 15th century - She wears her hair in a bonnet or wig, white blouse, scarlet simar with slashed puff sleeves decorated with gold bows to the elbow, tight cuffs - She wears earrings, unusual for the era - From a portrait in Brera Gallery, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676053: Frederic III of the Holy Empire, (Frederic of Habsburg, 1415-1493) - Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, 1415-1493 - He wears a tiara ornamented with gold, a violet scarf, gold brocade robe, and a cape of two-tone cloth, red stockings and gold sandals - From a fresco drawn by Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Betto) - Handcoloured illustration and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676159: Young page costumes, 15th century - Young page boys, 15th century - One in a black toque, yellow doublet with black sleeves, red stockings, and green straps - The second wears a green hat, tunic with velvet hem, striped doublet, and yellow stockings - From a fresco by Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Betto) - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676168: the knight Roland or Hruotland, dit Roland le Preux (736-778), heros du poeme epique la chanson de Roland, 11th-13th century - The paladin Roland, from the Song of Roland, 13th century - He wears a helmet, chainmail tunic, stocking and chainmail legging - He holds a sword engraved with Durindarda and large shield From a figure on the portal of Verona Cathedral - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676852: Costume of the Rector of the Hospital of Siena (Italy), 14th century - Rector of the hospital of Santa Maria della Scala, Siena, 14th century - He wears a black toque over a white cap, violet silk cape, black robe with yellow cuffs, green doublet, and black shoes - From a fresco “” Healing the Sick” by Domenico di Bartolo - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676903: Costume d'une femme de la nobility Milanese (italy), 14th century - Noblewoman of Milan, 14th century - She wears a veil that falls to the shoulders while another veil envelopes her throat, blue cape, purple robe, and holds a rosary - From a monument to the Visconti family in Brera chapel - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676916: Costume d'une femme de la nobility venitienne (italy), 12th century - Noblewoman of Venice, Dogaressa, 12th century - She wears a veil wrapped over the head and falling to the shoulder, a green cape edged in gold, violet robe and red shoes - From a figure in the mosaic doors of Saint Mark's Basilica - Handcolored illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images