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PIX4623462: Planetary Nebula Dumbbell (M27) in Little Fox - Planetary Nebula Dumbbell (M27) in Little Fox - Planetary Nebula Dumbbell (M27) is located about 1400 years - light from Earth in the constellation Little Fox. A planetary nebula is a gas shell from a small late-life star whose heart collapsed to become a white dwarf and expelled the outer layers of its matter. Image obtained with a 500 mm telescope, through various filters including an alpha H filter / Bridgeman Images
PIX4623639: Planetary nebula Helix (NGC 7293) in Aquarius - Planetary nebula Helix (NGC 7293) - This nebula is located 450 years - light from Earth. Image obtained by a 50 cm telescope, 42 poses of 15 minutes accumulated. Located in the constellation of Aquarius, the Helix is our closest planetary nebula at only 450 light years distance. It is so close that it can be telescopically seen shifting one side to the other in front of the more distant background stars as the earth moves around the sun - a phenomenon called parallax. Parallax measurements are used to trigonometrically deduce distance between an object in space and the earth. A planetary nebula results when a red giant star, near the ends of it's productive life, sheds its outer layers into space and creates a breathtaking shell of surrounding gas that early visual astronomers likened to the disks of planets. This planetary spans approximately 1.5 light years and is still expanding. The name associated with the Helix is derived from the cork - screw appearance that resulted from the spin induced by the nebula's central star as its outer layers were thrown off into the surrounding vacuum of space. This image of the Helix Nebula, photographed by R. Jay GabAny was the result of combining forty two, fifteen minute digital exposures taken during the month of September 2005, through a remotely controlled twenty inch Ritchey - Chretien telescope with an eleven mega - pixel camera at f/8. The remote observatory is located in Cloudcroft, New Mexico City, 7,000 feet above sea level in the Sacramento Mountains / Bridgeman Images
PIX4623671: Planetary Nebula Helix (NGC 7293) in Aquarius by HST - This composite image is a view of the colorful Helix Nebula taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope and the Mosaic II Camera on the 4 - meter telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter - American Observatory in Chile. The object is so large that both telescopes were needed to capture a complete view. The Helix is a planetary nebula, the glowing gaseous envelope expelled by a dying, sun - like star. The Helix resemble a simple doughnut as seen from Earth. But looks can be deceiving. New evidence suggests that the Helix consists of two gaseous disks almost perpendicular to each other. One possible scenario for the Helix's complex structure is that the dying star has a companion star. One disk may be perpendicular to the dying star's spin axis, while the other may lie in the orbital plane of the two stars. The Helix, located 690 light - years away, is one of the closest planetary nebulas to Earth. The Hubble images were taken on November 19, 2002; the Cerro Tololo images on Sept. 17 - 18, 2003 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4623785: Planetary Nebula of Boomerang in Centaur/HST - The Boomerang Nebula is a young planetary nebula and the coldest object found in the Universe so far. This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image shows a young planetary nebula known (rather curiously) as the Boomerang Nebula. It is in the constellation of Centaurus, 5000 light - years from Earth. Planetary nebulae form around a bright, central star when it expels gas in the last stages of its life. The Boomerang Nebula is one of the University's peculiar places. In 1995, using the 15 - metre ESO SEST Telescope in Chile, astronomers revealed that it is the coldest place in the Universe found so far. With a temperature of - 272 degrees Celsius, it is only 1 degree warmer than absolute zero (the lowest limit for all temperatures). Even the - 270 degrees Celsius glow from the Big Bang is warmer than this nebula. It is the only object found so far that has a temperature lower than the microwave background. Keith Taylor and Mike Scarrott called it the Boomerang Nebula in 1980 after observing it with a large ground - based telescope in Australia. Unable to see the detail that only Hubble can reveal, the astronomers saw merely a slight asymmetry in the nebula's lobes suggesting a curved shape like a boomerang. The high - resolution Hubble images indicate that 'the Bow tie Nebula' would perhaps have been a better name. The Hubble telescope took this image in 1998. It shows faint arcs and ghostly filaments embedded within the diffuse gas of the nebula's smooth 'bow tie' lobes. The diffuse bow - tie shape of this nebula makes it quite different from other observed planetary nebulae, which normally have lobes that look more like 'bubbles' blown in the gas. However, the Boomerang Nebula is so young that it may not have had time to develop these structures. Why planetary nebulae have so many different shapes is still a mystery. The general bow - tie shape of the Boomerang appears to have been created by a very fierce 500,000 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4623960: Planetary nebula PK164+31.1 in Lynx - Planetary nebula PKS164+31.1 in Lynx - This planetary nebula makes for a very difficult target due to its very low surface brightness. This is probably an old shell of gas. The background galaxies seen through this ethereal bubble of gas only add to its gossamer appearence / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624055: Neptune from Triton - Illustration - Neptune from the surface of Triton - Neptune seen from the icy surface of his Triton satellite. White cirrus clouds race across a crescent Neptune as it presides over Triton's bleak and frozen south polar region. Sheets of frozen nitrogen ice with traces of other substances, including frozen methane and carbon monoxide, overlie Triton's darker material. The ice has turned pink due to the interaction with ultraviolet light from the distant Sun. Further south all of the surface of Triton is covered by such ices / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624190: Lactee route from the Pic du Midi observatory - Milky way from Pic du Midi observatory / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624214: La Palma Observatory: Gamma-ray Telescope MAGIC - La Palma Observatory: The MAGIC Gamma-ray telescope: The Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov Telescope (MAGIC telescope) is a telescope located at the Roque de los Muchachos de La Palma, in the Canary Islands. MAGIC-I is a telescope of 17 meters in diameter. MAGIC-II is a second telescope of 17 m in diameter located 85 meters from the first telescope (in operation since April 2009). View of night sky reflected in the multi-mirrored surface of one of a pair of MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes at the Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Canary Islands. This observatory is situated 2,400 metres above sea level and is home to some of the world's leading research telescopes. The MAGIC telescope is intended to indirectly observe gamma rays by detecting brief flashes of optical light, called Cherenkov light / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624229: Tenerife Observatory under the Stars - Starry sky above Teide observatory: The Moon and the Star Sky seen above the dome of the European Space Agency OGS in Tenerife, Canary Islands. Night sky seen above Tenerife observatory in Canary islands. OGS telescope was originally built by ESA for tests with laser link and for space debris observations. For the remainder of the available observing time the OGS is currently used by the IAC for astronomy observations. It is a one-meter telescope with a focal length of 13.3 m / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624256: Star Sky on Old Faithful - Airglow in Yellowstone National Park - View of the star sky above the eruption Old Faithful geyser. Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. A panorama of the night sky from Ursa Major to Aquarius showing colorful airglow. Old Faithful geyser erupts to the right / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624317: Pluto - Pluto - The dwarf planet Pluto seen by the Hubble space telescope. These images, recomposed by computer from cliches obtained in 2002 and 2003, are not sufficiently precise to show Pluto's surface in detail but reveal color differences. This is the most detailed view to date of the entire surface of the dwarf planet Pluto, as constructed from multiple NASA Hubble Space Telescope photographs taken from 2002 to 2003. Hubble's view isn't sharp enough to see craters or mountains, if they exist on the surface, but Hubble reveals a complex - looking and variegated world with white, dark - orange, and charcoal - black terrain. The overall color is believed to be a result of ultraviolet radiation from the distant Sun breaking up methane that is present on Pluto's surface, leaving behind a dark, molasse - colored, carbon - rich residue. The center disk (180 degrees) has a mysterious bright spot that is unusually rich in carbon monoxide frost. This region will be photographed in the highest possible detail when Nasa's New Horizons probe flies by Pluto in 2015. The Hubble images are a few pixels wide. But through a technique called dithering, multiple, slightly offset pictures can be combined through computer - image processing to synthesize a higher - resolution view than could be seen in a single exposure. This series of pictures took four years and 20 computers operating continuously and simultaneously to accomplish / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624480: Summer on Pluto - Illustration - Summer on Pluto - Artist view - Artist view of Pluto's surface when the planet is closer to the Sun and sees its weak atmosphere reforming. Despite its small size and extreme distance from the Sun, Pluto does have an atmosphere. The atmosphere arises because there are periods when Pluto is closer to the Sun than Neptune, making it the 8th planet from the Sun for roughly 20 years at a time (on 11 February 1999, Pluto crossed Neptune's orbit and once again became farther from the Sun Neptune and will remain so until the year 2231). During this plutonian “” summer”” the ices on Pluto's surface sublimate and form a methane and nitrogen atmosphere. This atmosphere is continually produced and lost again while Pluto is inside Neptune's orbit; during this time the density of Pluto's atmosphere may rival that of Mars / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624800: The planet Saturn observed with the Hubble space telescope in October 1996. Saturn measures 120,000 km in diameter -: Saturn by Hubble- natural colors-10-1996 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624824: Saturn seen by the Hubble Space Telescope in different wavelengths 03/2003 - The Saturn Planet observed with the Hubble Space Telescope on March 7, 2003 at the time of the maximum opening of the rings. This happens every 30 years and offers observers a degagee view of the southern pole of the planet. Here the planet is photographed in different wavelengths: ultraviolet top, visible middle, infrared bottom / Bridgeman Images
PIX4624826: Saturn by the Hubble Space Telecope - natural colors - 11/1999 - Saturn seen from the Hubble Space Telescope in november 1999 - The Saturn Planet observed with the Hubble Space Telescope in November 1999. Saturn is 120,000 km in diameter / Bridgeman Images
PIX4625033: Saturn rings seen by Cassini - Saturn's rings from Cassini - Image obtained by the Cassini probe on May 9, 2007 at a distance of 1.1 million km from the planet. This natural color view shows the system of rings of Saturn up to ring F. The system of rings is composed from closest to Saturn to outermost by ring D, then C, B, the division of Cassini, A with division of Encke, F, G and E. This natural color mosaic was acquired by the Cassini spacecraft as it soared 39 degrees above the unilluminated side of the rings. Major named gaps are labeled at the top. The main rings themselves, along with the F ring, are labeled at the bottom, along with their inner and outer boundaries. The view combines 45 images - - 15 separate sets of red, green and blue images - - taken over the course of about 2.5 hours, as Cassini scanned across the rings. The images in this view were obtained on May 9, 2007, at a distance of approximately 1.1 million kilometers (700,000 miles) from Saturn. Image scale in the radial (horizontal) direction is about 6 kilometers (4 miles) per pixel / Bridgeman Images
PIX4625105: Saturn seen by the Cassini probe on 10 - 09 - 2007 - Saturn seen by Cassini spacecraft Sept. 10 2007. - Saturn seen by the Cassini probe on 10 - 09 - 2007 at a distance of 3.3 million km from the planet shortly before it flew over the Japet satellite. Mosaic of 45 images. Several satellites are visible in this image; from right to left: Titan, Tethys, Rhea, Mimas, Enceladus and Dione. While on final approach for its Sept. 2007 close encounter with Saturn's moon Iapetus, Cassini spun around to take in a sweeping view of the Saturn System. Iapetus (1,468 kilometers, or 912 miles across) is the only major moon of Saturn with a significant inclination to its orbit. From the other major satellites, the rings would appear almost edge - on, but from Iapetus, the rings usually appear at a tilt, as seen here. This natural color mosaic consists of 15 red, green and blue spectral filter images acquired in five wide - angle camera footprints that swept across the scene. Moons visible in this image: Dione (1,126 kilometers, or 700 miles across) at center left, Enceladus (505 kilometers, or 314 miles across) near the left side ansa (or ring edge), Mimas (397 kilometers, or 247 miles across) a speck against the ring shadows on Saturn's western limb, Rhea (1,528 kilometers, or 949 miles across) against the bluish backdrop of the northern hemisphere, Tethys (1,071 kilometers, or 665 miles across) near the right ansa, and Titan (5,150 kilometers, or 3,200 miles across) near lower right. The images were obtained on Sept. 10, 2007, at a distance of approximately 3.3 million kilometers (2.1 million miles) from Saturn at a sun - Saturn - spacecraft, or phase, angle of 33 degrees. Image scale is about 195 kilometers (121 miles) per pixel on the planet / Bridgeman Images
PIX4625231: Saturn in false colours - Saturn in infrared - The planet Saturn seen in visible and infrared by the Cassini probe on November 1, 2008. This false - color composite image, constructed from data obtained by Nasa's Cassini spacecraft, shows Saturn's rings and southern hemisphere. The composite image was made from 65 individual observations by Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer in the near - infrared portion of the light spectrum on Nov. 1, 2008. The observations were each six minutes long. In this image constructed from data collected in the near - infrared wavelengths of light, scientists designated blue to indicate sunlight reflected at a wavelength of 2 microns, green to indicate sunlight reflected at 3 microns and red to indicate thermal emission at 5 microns. Saturn's rings reflect sunlight at 2 microns, but not at 3 and 5 microns, so they appear deep blue. Saturn's high altitude haze reflects sunlight at both 2 and 3 microns, but not at 5 microns, and so it appears green to blue - green. The heat emission from the interior of Saturn is only seen at 5 microns wavelength in the spectrometer data, and thus appears red. The dark spots and banded features in the image are clouds and small storms that outline the deeper weather systems and circulation patterns of the planet. They are illuminated from underneath by Saturn's thermal emission, and thus appear in silhouette / Bridgeman Images
PIX4625315: Saturn en jour vue par Cassini - Backlit Saturn seen by Cassini - Mosaic of 141 photos obtained by the Cassini probe on 19 July 2013 at a distance of 1.2 million km from the planet. The Cassini probe was then in the shadow of the Planet Saturn; this portrait of the Giant Planet highlights its ring system and seven of its satellites appear in the image. The planets Mars, Venus and Earth are also visible. On July 19, 2013, Nasa's Cassini spacecraft slipped into Saturn's shadow and turned to image the planet, seven of its moons, its inner rings - and, in the background, our home planet, Earth. With both Cassini's wide-angle and narrow-angle cameras aimed at Saturn, Cassini was able to capture 323 images in just over four hours. This final mosaic uses 141 of those wide-angle images. Images taken using the red, green and blue spectral filters of the wide-angle camera were combined and mosaicked together to create this natural-color view. This image spans about 404,880 miles (651,591 kilometers) across. In the lower right of the mosaic, in between the bright blue E ring and the faint but defined G ring, is the pale blue dot of our planet, Earth. Earth's twin, Venus, appears as a bright white dot in the upper left quadrant of the mosaic, also between the G and E rings. Mars also appears as a faint red dot embedded in the outer edge of the E ring, above and to the left of Venus. Cassini was approximately 746,000 miles (1.2 million kilometers) from Saturn when the images in this mosaic were taken. / Bridgeman Images
PIX4625460: Enceladus, Saturn's satellite, seen by Cassini - Saturn's moon Enceladus from Cassini - Mosaic of false-coloured images obtained by the Cassini probe during the flight over this satellite on 11 August 2008. The image shows a fractured region in the southern hemisphere of the satellite. This mosaic of Saturn's moon Enceladus provides broad regional context for the ultra - sharp, close - up views Nasa's Cassini spacecraft acquired minutes earlier, during its flyby on Aug. 11, 2008. This false - color mosaic combines Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) narrow - angle camera images obtained through ultraviolet, green, and near - infrared camera filters. Areas that are greenish in appearance are believed to represent deposits of coarser grained ice and solid boulders that are too small to be seen at this scale, but which are visible in the higher resolution views, while whitish deposits represent finer grained ice. The mosaic shows that coarse - grained and solid ice are concentrated along valley floors and walls, as well as along the upraised flanks of the “” tiger stripe”” fractures, which may be covered with plume fallout that landed not far from the sources. Elsewhere on Enceladus, this coarse water ice is concentrated within outcrops along cliff faces and at the top of ridges. The sinuous boundary of scarps and ridges that encircles the south polar terrain at about 55 degrees south latitude is conspicuous. Much of the coarse - grained or solid ice along this boundary may be blocky rubble that has crumbled off of cliff faces as a result of ongoing seismic activity. The lighting conditions over the polar region highlight features, such as fractures and ridges, that are barely visible in the July 2005 views, and vice versa. The four most prominent sulci (from top to bottom: Damascus, Baghdad, Alexandria and Cairo) appear as generally horizontal fractures near lower right, and they extend into the moon's night side. The mosaic is an orthographic projection centered at 63.0 degrees south / Bridgeman Images
PIX4592558: Star sky above the ruins of an old chapel - Starry sky above ruins of an old chapel - Constellation of Orion and Sirius above the chapel of Languidou (Finistere). 21/10/2007 Star Sirius shines with Orion constellation above the old chapel of Languidou (Finistere, France). 21/10/200 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4592817: Orion Constellation on an Old Chapel - Constellation of Orion above an old chapel - Shortly before dawn, at the autumn equinox, Orion reappears above the south - east horizon (vertically the chapel of St. Michael - de - Brasparts of the 17th century). Above it, the Taurus and the Coach. 23 September 2009. Starry sky above the old chapel of Saint - Michel - de - Brasparts (Finistere, Brittany). Constellations visible here are Orion, Taurus and part of Auriga with the bright star Capella. September 23, 2009 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4592904: Sky Star - Starry night - Pacific Coast, Chile, February 2008. Pacific coast, Chile, february 2008 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4593100: Peacock Constellation - Constellation of Pavo - Pavo, the Peacock, lies south of Sagittarius and Corona Australis, and is one of Johann Bayer's twelve constellations, introduced in 1603. It is one of several birds in the southern sky, including Apus, Grus, Phoenix and Tucanae. The legends say that the goddess of the heavens, Juno (the Greek Hera) ordered a hundred - eyed giant, Argos Panoptes, to keep his eyes on her wandering husband, Jupiter. He ordered Argos slain and Juno transformed the 100 eyes into the Peacock's tail. These eyes are also meant to represent the starry sky / Bridgeman Images
LRI4593191: Internal view of a room of the Egyptian museum in Turin, Italy (photography) / Bridgeman Images
PIX4593365: North celestial pole and circumpolar constellations - North celestial pole and circumpolar constellations - The northern celestial pole is marked by the polar star of the Little Bear. Around, the so-called circumpolar constellations with from top to bottom: The Great Bear on the left, the Dragon that encircles the Little Bear, Cephee below and the Swan on its right, then Cassiopee snaps everything against a big rock. In overprint, the mythological forms of these constellations, extracted from the Uranographia of Hevelius. May 20, 2007, Ploumanach (Cotes d'Armor - France). Pole star Polaris (near the center of the image) and circumpolar constellations; from left to right and top to bottom: Big Dipper, Draco with Little Dipper, Cygnus, Cepheus and Cassiopeia. Constellation mythological forms from “” Uranographia”” star atlas by Hevelius (1690) have been added. May 20, 2007, Ploumanach (Cotes d'Armor - France) / Bridgeman Images
PIX4593469: Flying Fish Constellation - Constellation of Volans - Flying Fish is a small constellation in the southern hemisphere. The bright star on its left is Miaplacidus, in Carene. Volans was introduced by Johann Bayer in 1603 as Piscis Volans, the Flying Fish and in old star atlases is seen flying alongside the ancient sailing ship Argo Navis. However, the fish has flown and only the adjective Volans (flying) remains. The stars form a distinctive pattern but at magnitudes between 3.7 and 4.0 they are not bright. On the other hand the constellation is easily found between the bright stars Avior (epsilon Carinae) and Miaplacidus (beta Carinae) with the fish apparently flying towards the LM / Bridgeman Images
PIX4593517: Pisces Constellation - Constellation of Pisces - Pisces (the Fishes) is a large constellation of mostly quite faint stars at the edge of an ancient and huge part of the sky known as 'the Sea'. Pisces is said to resemble two fish, which are tied to a (alpha) Piscium by long lines. Alpha Piscium is known as Al Rischa in English, where it means 'the cord'. Some Greek mythologies have two men tethered to this star, though some of the other stars have fishy names. The Sun is in Pisces from March 13 to April 19, and it crosses the ecliptic on March 21, which marks the vernal Equinox, the first day of autumn in the southern hemisphere. This used to be called the first point in Aries, but precession has now moved it into Pisces. However, this point in the sky is the origin of right ascension (RA) in the astronomical equatorial coordinate sytem, and because it moves with precession, RA and Dec are defined at a certain date / Bridgeman Images
PIX4593550: Constellations of Reticulum and Dorado - Constellations of Reticulum and Dorado - Constellations of Reticulum and Bream (top) near the galaxy of the Great Magellan Cloud. Reticulum is another small and insignificant southern constellation introduced by Lacaille in the 1750s. It commemorates a reticle, the cross hairs in an eyepiece used for measuring star positions, from the Latin for 'net' (hence reticulation, network). It is best found by looking for the Large Magellanic Cloud in the adjoining constellation of Dorado. Dorado, the Goldfish or Swordfish (Xiphias), is a constellation introduced by Johann Bayer, best known for his 1603 star atlas Uranometria, which was the first to cover the entire sky. It is notable mainly for containing most of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the nearest galaxy to the Milky Way / Bridgeman Images
PIX4593557: The Lactee Way and the Sagittarius - Part of the Sagittarius constellatio / Bridgeman Images
