PIX4619660: Hourglass Nebula in M8 - The Hourglass Nebula in M8, NGC 6523 - View of the Hourglass Nebula in the heart of the Lagoon Nebula (M8/NGC 6523). Located in Sagittarius, at a distance of 5800 light years, it is a region of star formation whose gases are excited mainly by two massive supergeant stars Herschel 36 and 9 Sagittarii. Image made with the 1.5m Danish telescope of La Silla in Chile. At the heart of the Lagoon Nebula in Sagittarius lies the diminutive Hourglass Nebula. Its gases are excited primarily by two massive O-type supergiants designated Herschel 36 and 9 Sagittarii. These two stars lie to the west of NGC 6530 and are separated from it by a dark lane which divides the nebula like a black lagoon, giving it its name. Twisted funnel shaped clouds are visible close to the illuminating stars, especially Herschel 36. The twists are due to shear forces between the hot excited gases at the surface and the cold interior of the clouds. These stars are probably less than 10,000 years old, about as old as the Hourglass itself, and are evidence of recent star-formation in this very dusty and active region. Image taken with the ESO/Danish 1.5m telescope at La Silla observatory in Chile / Bridgeman Images
PIX4619672: Nebula of the Lagoon (M8) in Sagittarius - The Hourglass Nebula in M8, NGC 6523 - View of the Nebula of the Lagoon (M8/NGC 6523). Located in Sagittarius, at a distance of 5800 years - light, it is visible to the naked eye in good conditions. It is a star-forming region illuminated by several large O-type stars that belong to the open cluster NGC 6530 visible on the left of the image. The brightest part of the nebula is called the hourglass nebula whose gases are excited mainly by two massive supergeant stars Herschel 36 and 9 Sagittarii. At the heart of the Lagoon Nebula in Sagittarius lies the diminutive Hourglass Nebula. This extremely bright object is associated with the blue star alongside it, named Herschel 36 after its discoverer. Herschel described M8 as 'A noble nebula' and 'a fine and complicated nebula', but he was clearly intrigued by the Hourglass which he compared to the nucleus of the Andromeda nebula, M31 as 'decidedly not stellar'. The tiny bright nebula that captures Herschel's attention is energised partly by the bright star H36 and partly by a star which, for the present, remains hidden in the pinched waist of the Hourglass. The obscured star is only visible in infrared light which can penetrate the thick clouds of dust seen over much of the Lagoon Nebula and clearly evident in a recent Hubble Space Telescope photograph. These stars are probably less than 10,000 years old, about as old as the Hourglass itself, and are evidence of recent star - formation in this very dusty and active region / Bridgeman Images
PIX4620819: Field around the Nebula Henize 55 - The Henize 55 star forming region in the LMC - Henize 55 (NGC 2014), on the right, is a star-forming region located north of the Great Magellan Cloud. Image obtained from the 1.2m Schmidt UK telescope of Siding Spring. The nearby Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is a very active star - forming galaxy. The most massive region of star formation is around 30 Doradus (the Tarantula nebula) which can be seen with the unaided eye, but hundreds of lesser examples are visible with a telescope. This picture shows one of the more intriguing, NGC 2014 (Henize 55), at right. It contains cluster of hot, young stars, almost hidden in the brightest part of the nebula. The energetic ultraviolet light from these stars is absorbed by hydrogen and produces the distinctive red glow from an enormous distance around the cluster. This picture was made photographically from three glass plates taken with the UK Schmidt telescope of Siding Spring / Bridgeman Images
PIX4620865: Nebula N70 in the Great Magellan Cloud - The N 70 nebula in Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) - The Henize 70 nebula extends for about 400 years - light, it is located in the Great Magellan Cloud. In the center, a small group of very massive and extremely hot stars, stars of Wolf - Rayet. Image obtained by Siding Spring's 3.9m telescope. At the centre of this remarkable bubble - like nebula nebula is a small group of extremely hot stars. Some of these stars are rapdly losing mass and have stellar winds blowing from their surfaces with velocities that approach 4000 kilometers per second. Such stars are known as Wolf - Rayet stars and are found in galaxies capable of forming massive stars. There are many such stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) but not all of them are associated with distinctive nebulae. The outward flowing streams of energetic particles from Wolf - Rayet (and other energetic stars) eventually interact with the relatively stationary interstellar medium pervading the LMC, releasing much of their energy as a thin spherical shell of luminous material. The hollow structure accounts for the shape we see in the sky. This nebula is almost 400 light years across, about 100 times the distance from the Sun to the nearest star. The LMC is about 160,000 light years away and is the closest galaxy to the Milky Way / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621001: Nebula Sh2 - 106 in the Swan - Sh2 - 106 nebula in Cygnus - Sharpless 106 (Sh2 - 106) is a star-forming region in the constellation Swan. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The bipolar star - forming region, called Sharpless 2 - 106, or S106 for short, looks like a soaring, celestial snow angel. The outstretched “” wings”” of the nebula record the contrasting imprint of heat and motion against the backdrop of a colder medium. Twin lobes of super - hot gas, glowing blue in this image, stretch outward from the central star. This hot gas creates the “” wings”” of our angel. A ring of dust and gas orbiting the star acts like a belt, cinching the expanding nebula into an “” hourglass”” shape / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621062: Nebula Sh2 - 155 in Cephee - The Cave Nebula The north is at top. The Cave Nebula is a faint region of Hii emission and surrounding dust in Cepheus constellation. This area is rich of colours and fine details. The central “” cave - like”” structure name the nebula, but notice also the subtle patch of blue reflection nebulosity all around in the field. The star colors are also beautiful, which adds a nice touch to this celestial field. This image is based on data acquired by the Oschin Telescope at the Mount Palomar Observatory / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621130: Star Formation in the DR21 Region - Star Formation in the DR21 Region - This star-forming region is about 6200 years old - light. Hidden in light visible by interstellar dust, this region rises in infrared light. Gas filaments appear in red; they emphasize the presence of aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH); they are organic molecules composed of carbon atoms and hydrogen that could be the germs on which the first bricks of life appeared. Image obtained by the Spitzer space telescope in 2003. Hidden behind a shroud of dust in the constellation Cygnus is a stellar nursery called DR21, which is giving birth to some of the most massive stars in our galaxy. Visible light images reveal no trace of this interstellar cauldron because of heavy dust obscuration. This image from Nasa's Spitzer Space Telescope allow us to peek behind the cosmic veil and pinpoint one of the most massive natal stars yet seen in our Milky Way galaxy. The never - before - seen star is 100,000 times as bright as the Sun. Also revealed for the first time is a powerful outflow of hot gas emanating from this star and bursting through a giant molecular cloud. The image is a large - scale mosaic assembled from individual photographs obtained with the Infraared Array Camera (IRAC) aboard Spitzer. The image covers an area about two times that of a full moon. The mosaic is a composite of images obtained at mid - infrared wavelengths of 3.6 microns (blue), 4.5 microns (green), 5.8 microns (orange) and 8 microns (red). The brightest infrared cloud near the top center corresponds to DR21, which presumably contains a cluster of newly forming stars at a distance of 10,000 light - years. Protruding out from DR21 toward the bottom left of the image is a gaseous outflow (green), containing both carbon monoxide and molecular hydrogen. Data from the Spitzer spectrograph, which breaks light into its constitutes / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621152: Star Formation in Cassiopee - Star Formation in Cassiopeia - This star-forming region, called W5, is located approximately 6500 light years ago in the constellation Cassiopee. Several generations of stars appear on this cliche; the older ones are the blue stars in the centre of the two cavities; the younger stars are grouped at the edges of these cavities and at the ends of the gas pillars or they appear like pink dots; the white areas are home to the very young stars in formation. In this infrared image, heated dust appears in red, dense gas clouds appear in green. Composite image obtained by the Spitzer space telescope in 2006 and 2007. Generations of stars can be seen in this infrared portrait from Nasa's Spitzer Space Telescope. In this wispy star - forming region, called W5, the oldest stars can be seen as blue dots in the centers of the two hollow cavities (other blue dots are background and foreground stars not associated with the region). Younger stars line the rims of the cavities, and some can be seen as pink dots at the tips of the elephant - trunk - like pillars. The white knotty areas are where the youngest stars are forming. Red shows heated dust that pervades the region's cavities, while green highlights dense clouds. W5 spans an area of sky equivalent to four full moons and is about 6,500 light - years away in the constellation Cassiopeia. The Spitzer picture was taken over a period of 24 hours. Like other massive star - forming regions, such as Orion and Carina, W5 contains large cavities that were carved out by radiation and winds from the region's most massive stars. According to the theory of triggered star - formation, the carving out of these cavities pushes gas together, causing it to ignite into successive generations of new stars. This image contains some of the best evidence yet for the triggered star - formation theory. Scientists analyzing the photo have been able to sho / Bridgeman Images
FLO4621168: Ancient Peruvian utensils and tools, including Inca tomb A, B, pendant in gold and silver C, copper axe heads D, mirrors called Inca-rirpo E, F, G, stone axe H, pins I, L, M, clip K, drinking cup for Chicha N, earthenware vase or Guainacaba O, and golden idol Q. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Giulio Ferrarioy's Costumes Antique and Modern of All Peoples (The Costume Antico e Moderno di Tutti i Popoli), Florence, 1842. / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621177: Taurus Molecular Cloud - Taurus Molecular Cloud - This region is located on the border of the Taurus and Persee constellations. Covering about 20 x 30 degres, this image shows a complex of emitted nebulae, star clusters, reflexion nebulae and dark nebulae. A molecular cloud is a region of dense gas and dust composed mainly of molecular hydrogen and helium. It's a birthplace of stars. The Molecular Cloud of Taurus is located about 400 years ago - light, and is one of the closest molecular clouds to our solar system. The California Nebula (NGC 1499), an emission nebula located about 1000 years ago - is visible at the top right. The dark nebulae B7, B18 and B19 are visible near the center of the image. Les Pleiades, M45, is the open cluster at the bottom right center. The open clusters NGC 1817, NGC 1746, NGC 1647 are on the left side of the image. The Hyades, Melotte 25, is a V-shaped cluster at the bottom left. It is the closest open cluster, located at a distance of about 151 light years. Aldebaran, Alpha Tauri, a bright red star with a magnitude of 0.75 to 0.95, is located at one end of the V, but does not belong to the cluster. The Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC) is located on the border of the constellations of Taurus and Perseus. It is a large dense area of gas and dust in space made mostly of molecular hydrogen and helium. It is a birth place of stars, which form from the material in the cloud. Covering about 20 x 30 degrees, this wide - angle image shows a complex of bright red emission nebulae, star clusters, blue reflection nebulosity, and complex dark nebulae. The TMC is located about 400 light years away, and is one of the closest molecular clouds to our solar system. The California Nebula (NGC 1499), a very large red emission nebula, is at upper right. Emission nebulae are made up of glowing hydrogen gas. Located in / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621233: Nebulae B175 and VDB 152 in Cephee - Nebulae B175 and VDB 152 in Cephee - In the center of the picture, a large dust trail leads to a blue nebula. This is the dark nebula, Barnard 175, which coaches the nebula by reflexion VDB 152 (Ced 201). The image is oriented with the North on the left. Image obtained with Takahashi 180 Astrograph telescope and Apogee U9 camera / Bridgeman Images
FLO4621301: The tall Tehuelche people of Patagonia exchanging gifts with short European colonist. The Native Americans wear feather headdresses and fur cloaks. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Verico from Giulio Ferrrario's Costumes Antique and Modern of All Peoples (Il Costume Antico e Moderno di Tutti i i Popoli), Florence, 1842. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4621356: Nomadic Puri family relaxing in a hut made of leaves and branches, man lying in hammock, woman roasting meat on a fire. Amazon, Brazil. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Migliavacca from Giulio Ferrario's Costumes Antique and Modern of All Peoples (Il Costume Antico e Moderno di Tutti i i Popoli), Florence, 1842. / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621390: Around the Baade window - The Baade's window region - The Baade Window (at the bottom right of the Gamma star of Sagittarius, the brightest of this image) is a region of the Lactee Way in the constellation of Sagittarius containing little interstellar dust. This region, named in reference to the astronomer Walter Baade, allows astronomers to have a more degagee view of the center of our galaxy. The Baade window, (at the bottom right of the bright star close to the center of this image), is a region of the Milky Way, in the Sagittarius constellation, with relatively little interstellar dust along our line of sight. It is therefore really a unique 'window' through which the astronomers can observe the Milky Way galactic Bulge, only a few degrees from the galactic center. The 'line of sight' through this 'window' passes 1800 light year nearby the Milky Way heart. This region of the sky was named after German astronomer Walter Baade / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621422: Nebulae LBN 552 and Cohen 129 - Nebulae LBN 552 and Cohen 129 in Cepheus - Nebulae in the constellation Cephee. This region in Cepheus does offer delicate reflection nebulae that have been cataloged by Beverly T. Lynds, University of Arizona, in 1965. This catalog was made from studying the red and blue plates taken by the 48 - inch Palomar Sky Survey. Cohen 129 is the small yellow nebula just slightly up of center / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621547: Cometary blood cell CG4 in the stern - CG4, a cometary blood cell in Puppis - Cometary blood cells are small clouds of isolated gases. The latter, called CG4, is located about 1300 light years ago in the constellation of Pupus. Its head is 1.5 years light and its tail extends for 8 years. This cloud is a star-forming region. A spiral galaxy seen by the slice (ESO 257 - 19) is visible at the top left. It is located 100 million years later. The odd looking “” creature”” to the right of center in the above photo is a gas cloud known as a cometary globule.This globule, however, has ruptured. Cometary globules are typically characterized by dusty heads and elongated tails. These features cause cometary globules to have visual similarities to comets, but in reality they are very much different. Cometary globules are frequently the birthplaces of stars, and many show very young stars in their heads. The reason for the rupture in the head of this object is not completely known. The galaxy to the left of center is very far in the distance and is only placed near CG4 by chance superposition / Bridgeman Images
PIX4621573: Cometary blood cell CG4 in the stern - Cometary blood cell CG4 - Cometary blood cells are small clouds of isolated gases. The latter, called CG4, is located about 1300 light years ago in the constellation of Pupus. Its head is 1.5 years - light and its tail (off-field) extends for 8 years - light. This cloud is a star-forming region. Image obtained by the VLT. The cometary globule CG4 glows menacingly in this image from Eso's Very Large Telescope. Although it looks huge and bright in this image it is actually a faint nebula and not easy to observe. The exact nature of CG4 remains a mystery / Bridgeman Images