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FLO4707463: Anglo Saxon king of the 9th century, in a tunic with embroidered edges and hem, with a jete coat on the shoulder and fastener with a clasp. Clothing close to those of Charlemagne (742 or 748-814) and the kings of France. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4708503: Knight of the Order of Aviz, in ceremonial dress. A Portuguese military religious order, after the conquest of Aviz (Portugal), a military fortress was built and became the mother house of the order, who first called themselves the Knights of St. Benedict d'Aviz until they adopted the Benedictine rule in 1162. They were subject to the rules and the Cistercian costume, wearing a white coat and a green lysee flower cross, although this illustration clearly shows a red Cistercian cross on the chest of his coat. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4708525: Knight of the Order of Constantine. The Order was first founded in 343 BC by the Roman Emperor Constantine, but received its official rules and statutes in 1190 by Isaac Ange Comnene (1155-1204), Emperor of Constantinople, the Order was also known as the Order of the Angelics, the Order of the Dory Knights or the Constantine militia of Saint George. It consisted of three rows for its members: Grand Cross, knight and brother serving; The insignia of the order is a red cross made of four flowers of lilies, surrounded by a golden border. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4708528: Knight of the Order of St. Catherine and Knight of the Order of the Sword. The Order of St. Catherine was founded by the Christian princes to protect the pelerins of Mount Sinai, who came to venerate the relics of St. Catherine, but also to protect them from desecration from the 11th to the 15th centuries. However, according to the Catholic encyclopedia, the knights of St. Catherine were not an order, nor secular, nor regal. The order of the Sword, or the sword-bearers, was a military order in order to prepare the crusade against the Prussian peers in the 13th century (uncarried out crusade). / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707208: Two knights mounted and armed fighting with their hands in a tournament. The knights threw their spears and swords to the ground, but the fight continues without weapons. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707247: Title page of volume 2 Book 1 of the series. Title in German, with a vignette: two naked boys decorating a bust with a laurel wreath. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707281: Noble anglo high rank saxon with a coat fastened with a buckle (31). This type of coat is worn only by the kingdoms and nobility. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707290: A Saxon king in ceremonial costume. The great mantle is worn only by members of the realm or aristocracy and seems to have and reserve for divine or Celestial beings. Her hair and beard seem to have been dyed blue, as can be seen in paintings from the 8th century onwards. The saxons introduced the royal diademe, a circle of gold carries like a crown. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707301: Anglo-Saxon women wearing a tunic, a coat and a large veil covering the hair and shoulder, falling to the knees (33), a floating veil (14) and wearing veil and belt (35). Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4727397: Roman colombarium filled with cinerary urns of the nobility - Strong water extracted from the Encyclopedie of Natural History: Humanite, by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), 1804 - Roman columbarium full of noble cinerary urns - Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's “” Encyclopedia of Natural History: Mankind,”” Augsburg, 1804 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4728614: Sorghum, Sorghum bicolor 48 and Holcus saccharatus 49, and Johnson grass, Sorghum halepense 50. Handcolored copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte” (Encyclopedia of Natural History), Augsburg, 1811. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a clergy and naturalist in Augsburg, Bavaria. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4728635: Meadow fescue or water mannagras, Festuca pratensis (fetuque des pres). Handcolored copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte” (Encyclopedia of Natural History), Augsburg, 1811. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a clergy and naturalist in Augsburg, Bavaria. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4724904: Vipere aspic - Eau forte by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), extracted from Encyclopedie of Natural History: Amphibians, 1794 - Common European viper or adder, Vipera berus - Handcolored copperplate engraving from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Encyclopedia of Natural History: Amphibia,”” 1794 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4724906: Orvet fragile or common and variete of American apode lezard - Eau forte by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), from Encyclopedie of Natural History: Amphibians, 1794 - Slow-worm or blind worm, Anguis fragilis, and eastern glass lizard, Ophisaurus ventralis - Handcolored copperplate engraving from G. T. Wilhelm's “Encyclopedia of Natural History: Amphibia,”” 1794 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4724980: Lizard apode (black and white variete) and cecilie (gymniophone or apode) of Guayaquil - Eau forte by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), extracted from Encyclopedie d'histoire naturelle: amphibians, 1794 - Black and white worm lizard and Guayaquil caecilian - Handcolored copperplate engraving from G. T. Wilhelm “” Clopedia of Natural History: Amphibia,”” 1794 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4725074: Sea lamprey - Planer's Lamprey (Lamprillon) - Sea lamprey eel, Petromyzon marinus 1, mouth 2, river lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis 3,4, and brook lamprey, Lampetra planeri 5. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's Encyclopedia of Natural History: Fish, Augsburg, 1804. Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist known as the German Buffon. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4725152: Fish sabre - Lancon equille - Pacific cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus 71, and sand eel, Ammodytes tobianus 72. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's Encyclopedia of Natural History: Fish, Augsburg, 1804. Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist known as the German Buffon. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4727347: Feast of the spirits among the Japanese - Strong water from the Encyclopedie of Natural History: Humanite, by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), 1804 - All Souls festival among the Japanese - Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's “” Encyclopedia of Natural History: Mankind,” Augsburg, 1804 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4737271: Mumbin plum (Spondias mombin). Lithograph from “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen” by Johannes Zorn (1739-1799), Netherlands, 1796. Hog plum tree, Spondias mombin. Handcoloured copperplate botanical engraving from J. Zorn's “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen,” Amsterdam, 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4737316: Lycopod in clubs or officinal lycopod (Lycopodium clavatum). Lithograph from “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen” by Johannes Zorn (1739-1799), Netherlands, 1796. Clubmoss or groundpine, Lycopodium clavatum. Handcoloured copperplate botanical engraving from J. Zorn's “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen,” Amsterdam, 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4737345: Hemp or cannabis, male (Cannabis sativa mas). Lithograph from “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen” by Johannes Zorn (1739-1799), Netherlands, 1796. Cannabis or hemp plant (male), Cannabis sativa mas. Handcoloured copperplate botanical engraving from J. Zorn's “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen,” Amsterdam, 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4737455: Gaiac, iron wood (Guaiacum sanctum). Lithograph from “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen” by Johannes Zorn (1739-1799), Netherlands, 1796. Holywood, Guaiacum sanctum. Handcoloured copperplate botanical engraving from J. Zorn's “Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen,” Amsterdam, 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4737765: Botanical: long pepper - Long pepper, Piper longum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from a drawing by B. Thanner from Johannes Zorn's “” Icons plantarum medicinalium,”” Germany, 1796. Zorn (1739-99) was a German pharmacist and botanist who travelled all over Europe searching for medicinal plants. / Bridgeman Images