PIX4571623: Constellation of the Great Bear - Constellation of Ursa Major: Plate extracted from the Mirror of Urania -1824. Ursa Major, the constellation of the Great Bear, from Urania's Mirror, a colourful set of constellation cards published in 1824. Over the years, the star at the end of the tail has been known by two popular names, Alkaid and Benetnasch but Alkaid is now the official name / Bridgeman Images
PIX4572490: The smallest stars - Artist's view - The smallest stars. Artwork - Comparison to the scale of the smallest stars with Jupiter and the Sun. From left to right: Jupiter, a brown dwarf (same size as Jupiter but 50 times more massive), dwarf L (younger brown dwarf), red dwarf, Sun. From left to right: Jupiter (a failed star), a brown dwarf (same size as Jupiter but 50 times more massive), a “” L”” dwarf (brown dwarf younger), a red dwarf and the sun for comparison / Bridgeman Images
PIX4572527: Brown dwarf with asteroid ring - Artist's view of a brown dwarf star surrounded by an asteroid belt. In the foreground, a primitive exoplanet illuminated by the star. This brown dwarf is host to a disk composed primarily of asteroids and boulders. The light from this dwarf is barely enough to illuminate the surface of this primitive planet. At a distance of about 1.5 million miles, the orbit of this planet is aligned to the plane of the rings with the result that they appear as a fuzzy line occulting the glowing face of this brown dwarf / Bridgeman Images
PIX4572539: Brown dwarf with a large debris ring - Artist's view of a brown dwarf star surrounded by a disc of dust and rocks. In the foreground, a primitive exoplanet illuminated by the star. This imaginary high - mass brown dwarf has a larger disk than the previous renderings. The perspective is from the equator of an airless planet, orbiting the brown dwarf at a distance of about 4 million miles. This planet's orbit is very nearly aligned to the plane of the rings, hence the debris appears as a sword - like straight line / Bridgeman Images
PIX4572591: Nova de l'Eagle - Nova Aquilae. Artwork - Artist's view of a nova, a white dwarf star that attracts the material of a companion star at the end of life, a red giant, and compresses these gases and then unleash a nuclear fusion reaction releasing a huge amount of energy in the form of a brief, extremely bright light. Here the artist showed the binary system just before the explosion of the nova. The artist's illustration depicts a classical nova binary system just before an explosion on the surface of the white dwarf. Classical novas occur in a system where a white dwarf closely orbits a normal, companion star. In this illustration, gas is flowing from the large red, companion star into a disk and then onto the white dwarf that is hidden inside the white area. As the gas flows ever closer to the white dwarf, it gets increasingly hotter, as indicated by the change in colors from yellow to white. When the explosion occurs, it engulfs the disk of gas and the red companion star / Bridgeman Images
PIX4571821: Proxima Star of Centauri - Proxima Centauri - Proxima of Centaur (in the center of the image) is the closest star to the Sun, at a distance of 4.2 years - light. Image obtained from the 1.2m Schmidt UK telescope of Siding Spring. Proxima Centauri is the nearest known star to the sun, at a distance of about 4.2 light years. It is an intrinsically faint red star, more than ten magnitudes (ten thousand times) fainter than the Sun. It is also much cooler, with a surface temperature of about 3100 C. Its visual (apparent) magnitude is eleven, so it is only visible with a good telescope, and only then from southern latitudes. Proxima is about one - tenth the mass of the sun, which accounts for its low surface temperature. It is possibly an outlying member of the triple alpha Centauri system just a few light days closer to us than the other, much brighter stars in the group / Bridgeman Images
PIX4571830: The three stars that make up the Centaur Alpha System are the closest stars to the Sun. The image on the left shows the double alpha star of the Centauri (Alpha Centauri A and B) overexposed to the red dwarf star Proxima of the Centaurus (indicated by the arrow). Proxima du Centaur is located at a distance of 4.22 years - light from the Sun but is invisible to the naked eye. Alpha Centauri A and B are a little further away, 4.36 years from the Sun. These two stars are relatively similar to the Sun. Although Proxima of Centauri is distant from the Alpha couple of Centauri, its movement seems to link it to this system and is sometimes called Alpha Centauri C. Location of the Alpha Centauri triple stellar system in the sky. The brighter stars (Alpha Centauri A and B) are strongly overexposed, with the outlying member, Proxima lying approx. 2.2* to the south - west (arrow). Smaller areas around the stars are shown in the inserts to the right. The photo has been reproduced from a blue - sensitive photographic plate obtained by the ESO 1 - m Schmidt Telescope, a wide - angle telescope at the La Silla observatory in Chile that has now been decommissioned. The Alpha Centauri triple stellar system is our closest neighbour in space. It is located at a distance of 4.36 light - years, or 41 million km, in the direction of the southern constellation Centaurus (The Centaur). The two main stars in the system, Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B, are rather similar to the Sun; their stellar spectral types are “” G2V”” and “” K1V””, respectively. The third star is a “” red dwarf”” known as Proxima. It is much cooler and smaller than the other two. Alpha Centauri A and B orbit each other at a distance of about 3600 million km, or somewhat more than the distance of planet Uranus from the Sun. The orbital period is almost exactly 80 years. Their smaller companion, Proxima, is about / Bridgeman Images
PIX4571864: Barnard's Star Movement - The proper motion of Barnard's star - Barnard's Star is a red dwarf less than six years from Earth in the constellation Ophiuchus. Its proximity makes it move quickly ahead of the other stars. Barnard's star is known for having the most important clean movement. This composite image made from three images taken in 1988 (blue), 1991 (red) and 1993 (green) shows the shift of the star in 15 years. Barnard's Star is red dwarf star approximately 6 light - years away from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus Its proper motion is 10.3 arcseconds per year, which remains the largest known proper motion of any star relative to the Sun. The monochrome plates from which this 3 - colour picture were made were taken in 1988 (blue), 1991 (red) and 1993 (green) showing its movement over 15 years / Bridgeman Images