EVB2936380: Joseph Merrick (1862-1890), known as the 'Elephant Man', suffered from Neurofibromatosis, a congenital disorder. Standing profile engravings of Merrick were published in the British Medical Journal in 1886. He was portrayed by John Hurt in the 1980 film THE ELEPHANT MAN / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936416: Africans of Natal, now a province in eastern Republic of South Africa, line up for vaccination during an 1904 smallpox epidemic after the Colonial government ordered universal vaccination. The woman at the head of the line looks away as the vaccine is administered to her arm / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936422: Patients and nuns at the Hospital of Hotel Dieu in Paris. Interior of a medieval ward with patients (some two to a bed) being attended by nuns, one of whom is taking a patient's pulse. 19th century wood engraving after painting in 'Le Livre de Vie Active de l'Hotel Dieu' , c.1482 / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936440: A pregnant woman sitting in a birthing chair is being attended to by three midwives, one ready to receive the baby, the second standing behind the chair, and the third standing at the woman's side comforting her. Implements are on a table in background. Engraving from Swiss physician, Jakob Rueff's, THE CONCEPTION AND GROWTH OF MAN, 1580 / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936467: Fully dressed female patient lying on the operating table, surrounded by the surgeons of Massachusetts General Hospital in one of the earliest operations performed under ether anesthesia. Among the surgeons is Dr. John Collins Warren, the doctor who first demonstrated surgical anesthesia / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936644: Circulation of the blood from William Harvey's ON THE MOTIONS OF THE HEART AND BLOOD, 1628. Illustrations of a tourniqueted human forearms with pronounced superficial blood veins to indicate circulation. Fig. 3: Blood flow is blocked at two points, O and H. At O, the blood pools in a valve and does not flow toward the hand, but flows toward the heart. Fig. 4: Blood flow is blocked at two points, M and N, with no valve within section / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936594: A pregnant woman, from MANSUR'S ANATOMY, authored by the Persian scholar and physician, Mansur ibn Ilyas (c. 1370-1423). Figure showing arteries, internal organs including the liver, stomach, spleen, kidneys. The fetus is in the breach position and attached to the heart by an artery. Copy completed by Hasan ibn Ahmad, working in Isfahan, in 1488 / Bridgeman Images
EVB2936646: Woodcut of a hand with palmist markings to aid the interpretation of lines and undulations on the palm of the hand in fortune telling. From Magnus Hundt's ANTROPOLOGIUM, 1501, an anatomical text that interpreted anatomy physiologically, philosophically, and religiously / Bridgeman Images