FLO4706036: Nobleman of Bohemia, 1500s and 1600s. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Robert von Spalart's “” Historical Picture of the Costumes of the Principal People of Antiquity and of the Middle Ages,”” Vienna, 1811. Illustration based on Cesare Vecellio's Habiti Antichi e moderni, Venice, 1590 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4706051: Married couple of Venice in the early middle ages. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Robert von Spalart's “” Historical Picture of the Costumes of the Principal People of Antiquity and of the Middle Ages,”” Vienna, 1811. Illustration based on Cesare Vecellio's Habiti Antichi e moderni, Venice, 1590 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4706073: Man of fashion in Venice and other Italian towns, 16th century. He wears a copper balzo headdress. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Robert von Spalart's “” Historical Picture of the Costumes of the Principal People of Antiquity and of the Middle Ages,”” Vienna, 1811. Illustration based on Cesare Vecellio's Habiti Antichi e moderni, Venice, 1590 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4706129: Nobleman of Venice in the early century of the republic (8th century). His hat with cross indicates high rank. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Robert von Spalart's “” Historical Picture of the Costumes of the Principal People of Antiquity and of the Middle Ages,”” Vienna, 1811. Illustration based on Cesare Vecellio's Habiti Antichi e moderni, Venice, 1590 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707208: Two knights mounted and armed fighting with their hands in a tournament. The knights threw their spears and swords to the ground, but the fight continues without weapons. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707247: Title page of volume 2 Book 1 of the series. Title in German, with a vignette: two naked boys decorating a bust with a laurel wreath. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707281: Noble anglo high rank saxon with a coat fastened with a buckle (31). This type of coat is worn only by the kingdoms and nobility. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707290: A Saxon king in ceremonial costume. The great mantle is worn only by members of the realm or aristocracy and seems to have and reserve for divine or Celestial beings. Her hair and beard seem to have been dyed blue, as can be seen in paintings from the 8th century onwards. The saxons introduced the royal diademe, a circle of gold carries like a crown. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707301: Anglo-Saxon women wearing a tunic, a coat and a large veil covering the hair and shoulder, falling to the knees (33), a floating veil (14) and wearing veil and belt (35). Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707314: Anglo-Saxon women: wearing tunic, veil, coat and shoe with open toe (36), wearing tunic and veil (37) and wearing a veil of a different colour from that of her coat. The sails were dyed in various colours and woven in more or less precious materials. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707340: First officer of the Royal Guard (41), rider with a spear (42) and Anglo-Saxon infantryman with a spear and a shield (43). Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4707463: Anglo Saxon king of the 9th century, in a tunic with embroidered edges and hem, with a jete coat on the shoulder and fastener with a clasp. Clothing close to those of Charlemagne (742 or 748-814) and the kings of France. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4708503: Knight of the Order of Aviz, in ceremonial dress. A Portuguese military religious order, after the conquest of Aviz (Portugal), a military fortress was built and became the mother house of the order, who first called themselves the Knights of St. Benedict d'Aviz until they adopted the Benedictine rule in 1162. They were subject to the rules and the Cistercian costume, wearing a white coat and a green lysee flower cross, although this illustration clearly shows a red Cistercian cross on the chest of his coat. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4708525: Knight of the Order of Constantine. The Order was first founded in 343 BC by the Roman Emperor Constantine, but received its official rules and statutes in 1190 by Isaac Ange Comnene (1155-1204), Emperor of Constantinople, the Order was also known as the Order of the Angelics, the Order of the Dory Knights or the Constantine militia of Saint George. It consisted of three rows for its members: Grand Cross, knight and brother serving; The insignia of the order is a red cross made of four flowers of lilies, surrounded by a golden border. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4708528: Knight of the Order of St. Catherine and Knight of the Order of the Sword. The Order of St. Catherine was founded by the Christian princes to protect the pelerins of Mount Sinai, who came to venerate the relics of St. Catherine, but also to protect them from desecration from the 11th to the 15th centuries. However, according to the Catholic encyclopedia, the knights of St. Catherine were not an order, nor secular, nor regal. The order of the Sword, or the sword-bearers, was a military order in order to prepare the crusade against the Prussian peers in the 13th century (uncarried out crusade). / Bridgeman Images
FLO4726023: Plantain banana, whole fruit, cut and section, flower. Plantain bananas, whole fruit and section.Musa paradisiaca.Handcolored copperplate engraving from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte”” (Encyclopedia of Natural History) 1813. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811). / Bridgeman Images
FLO4726072: Wood strawberry and Virginia strawberry. Woodland strawberry and Virginia strawberry. Fragaria vesca, Fragaria elatior, Fragaria virginiana.Handcolored copperplate engraving from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte”” (Encyclopedia of Natural History) 1813. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811). / Bridgeman Images
FLO4726422: The bigaradier, with flower and fruit. Coloured copper engraving, based on an illustration by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), in Encyclopedie d'histoire naturelle, published in Vienna (Austria), 1816. Orange, Citrus aurantium. Handcolored copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte”” (Encyclopedia of Natural History), Vienna, 1816. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist in Augsburg, where the first edition was published. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4726436: Orange grapefruit. Grapefruit, Citrus aurantium decumana, Citrus aurantium striatum. Handcolored copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte”” (Encyclopedia of Natural History), Vienna, 1816. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist in Augsburg, where the first edition was published. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4726465: Pomegranate, fruit description and sections. Coloured copper engraving, based on an illustration by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), in Encyclopedie d'histoire naturelle, published in Vienna (Austria), 1816. Pomegranate fruit and section, Punica granatum. Handcolored copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte”” (Encyclopedia of Natural History), Vienna, 1816. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist in Augsburg, where the first edition was published. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4725190: Uranoscope (or white rascasse, sea rat, beef, tapecon, hemerocet) - Great vivid - Star gazer, Uranoscopus scaber 82 and great weaver fish, Trachinus draco 83. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's Encyclopedia of Natural History: Fish, Augsburg, 1804. Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist known as the German Buffon. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4725354: Ling, Molva molva 99, burbot, Lota 100, oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau 101,102, and tusk fish, Brosme brosme 103. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's Encyclopedia of Natural History: Fish, Augsburg, 1804. Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist known as the German Buffon. / Bridgeman Images
FLO4724836: Rattlesnake variete with tail end detail - Strong water by Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811), from Encyclopedie of Natural History: Amphibians, 1794 - Ground rattlesnake, Sistrurus miliarius - Handcolored copperplate engraving from G. T. Wilhelm's “” Encyclophipedia of Natural History: Bia,”” 1794 / Bridgeman Images
FLO4725268: Haddock (haddock, haddock if smoked) - Atlantic cod (or Atlantic cod, common or cod) - Haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus 84, and Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua 85. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm's Encyclopedia of Natural History: Fish, Augsburg, 1804. Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a Bavarian clergy and naturalist known as the German Buffon. / Bridgeman Images