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XEE4143133: Roman political system: The consul. Jules Cesar crossed the river of Rubicon with his legions in arms on 10 January 49 BC in the footsteps of Pompee the Great (Gneo Pompeo Magno or Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, 106-48 BC) and violated the law of the Roman Senate which prohibited a Roman general from crossing the border river of the Cisalpine Gaul. Crossing the river, Jules Cesar pronounces the famous formula “Alea jacta est”” (The fate is jete). Chromolitography of the late 19th century., Unknown Artist, (19th century) / Bridgeman Images