PIX4646670: Exit extra - vehicular 04/1983 - Astronauts extravehicular activity. 04/1983 - Exit extra - vehicle for astronauts Story Musgrave (left) and Don Peterson on April 7, 1983. Astronauts Story Musgrave, left, and Don Peterson float in the cargo bay of the Earth - orbiting space shuttle Challenger during their April 7, 1983, spacewalk on the STS - 6 mission. Their” floating” is restricted via tethers to safety slide wires. Thanks to the tether and slide wire combination, Peterson is able to translate, or move, along the port side hand rails. First called STA-099, Challenger was built to serve as a test vehicle for the Space Shuttle program. Challenger, the second orbiter to join Nasa's Space Shuttle fleet, arrived at Kennedy Space Center in Florida in July 1982. Challenger launched on her maiden voyage, STS - 6, on April 4, 1983 and saw the first spacewalk of the shuttle program, as well as the deployment of the first satellite - - the Tracking and Data Relay System. The orbiter launched the first American woman, Sally Ride, into space on mission STS - 7 and was the first to carry two U.S. female astronauts on mission STS - 41 - G. The first orbiter to launch and land at night on mission STS - 8, Challenger also made the first Space Shuttle landing at Kennedy Space Center, concluding mission STS 41 - B. Spacelabs 2 and 3 flew aboard the ship on missions STS 51 - F and STS 51 - B, as did the first German - dedicated Spacelab on STS 61 - A. A host of scientific experiments and satellite deployments were performed during Challenger's missions. Challenger's service to America's space program ended in tragedy on Jan. 28, 1986. Just 73 seconds into mission STS - 51L, a booster failure caused an explosion that resulted in the loss of seven astronauts, as well as the vehicle / Bridgeman Images
PIX4645800: James Webb Space Telescope Mirrors (JWST) - Testing of the JWST's mirrors: Six of the 18 JWST (James Webb Space Telescope) mirrors seen at Nasa's Marshall Space Center. These mirrors will be tested there to ensure they will withstand the extreme temperatures of space vacuum. The JWST will replace the Hubble Space Telescope in 2018. Team with a 6.5 m mirror, he will observe the universe mainly in infrared - Six of the 18 James Webb Space Telescope mirror segments are being moved into the X-ray and Cryogenic Facility, or XRCF, at Nasa's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., to eventually experience temperatures dipping to a chilling -414 degrees Fahrenheit to ensure they can withstand the extreme space environments. The test chamber takes approximately five days to cool a mirror segment to cryogenic temperatures. Marshall's X-ray & Cryogenic Facility is the world's largest X-ray telescope test facility and a unique, cryogenic, clean room optical test location. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large, infrared-optimized space telescope scheduled for launch in 2018. Equipped with a large mirror 6.5 meters (21.3 feet) in diameter, it will find the first galaxies that formed in the early Universe, connecting the Big Bang to our own Milky Way Galaxy and will reside in an orbit about 1.5 million km (1 million miles) from the Earth / Bridgeman Images
PIX4646964: STS-47: Weightless crew in Spacelab - STS-47 crew portrait in zero gravity: The crew of the STS-47 mission poses weightlessly in the Spacelab aboard the shuttle Endeavour. From left to right, in the last row: Robert L. Gibson and Curtis L. Brown, in the middle: N. Jan Davis, Jerome Apt and Mae C. Jemison, in front: Mark C. Lee and Mamoru Mohri. It was during this mission that Mae C. Jemison was the first black woman in space and Mark C. Lee and Jan Davis were the first American married couple to fly into space. Portrait of the crew of STS-47 aboard Spacelab-Japan (SLJ). Pictured, left to right, back row are Commander Robert L. Gibson and Pilot Curtis L. Brown; middle row, Mission Specialist (MS) N. Jan Davis, MS Jerome Apt and MS Mae C. Jemison; front row, Payload Commander (PLC) Mark C. Lee and Payload Specialist (PS) Mamoru Mohri. / Bridgeman Images
PIX4645380: Hubble space telescope: 4th maintenance mission 05/2009 - Hubble space telescope: fourth repair mission 05/2009 - Astronaut Michael Good performs various maintenance tasks on the Hubble space telescope (HST) during the fourth of five space sorties planned during the STS mission - 125. 17 May 2009. Astronaut Michael Good, STS - 125 mission specialist, rides Atlantis' remote manipulator system arm to the exact position he needs to be to continue work on the Hubble Space Telescope. Astronaut Mike Massimino, who shared two spacewalks with Good during the last week, is out of frame. 17 May 2009 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4649892: Extra Release - Vehicle B.Mac Candless STS - 41 - B - 02/1984 - B.Mac Candless space walk. 02/1984 - Astronaut Bruce McCandless, II uses his hands to control his movements in space while using the MMU (Manned Maneuvering Unit), a standalone space chair allowing him to move away from the Challenger Space Shuttle by several meters without being connected. 11 - 02 - 1984. Astronaut Bruce McCandless, II, mission specialist, uses his hands to control his movement in space while using the nitrogen propelled manned maneuvering unit (MMU). He is participating in a extravehicular activity (EVA), a few meters away from the cabin of the shuttle Challenger. He is floating without tethers attaching him to the shuttle. Feb 11 1984 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4647895: Discovery crew STS - 103 1999 - STS - 103 crew portrait - 12/1999 - Front, from left to right, Claude Nicollier, Scott J. Kelly and John M. Grunsfeld. Derriere, Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale, Curtis L. Brown, Jr., and Jean-Francois Clervoy. (19 - 27 December 1999) - - - The seven astronauts aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery for Nasa's third servicing visit to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) pose for the traditional inflight crew portrait. In front are, from left, astronauts Claude Nicollier, Scott J. Kelly and John M. Grunsfeld. Behind them are astronauts Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale, Curtis L. Brown, Jr., and Jean-Francois Clervoy. Nicollier and Clervoy are astronauts from the European Space Agency (ESA) / Bridgeman Images
PIX4647917: Space Astronaut STS - 103 12/1999 - Reflection in astronaut hemet visor 12/1999 - Earth and Space Shuttle Discovery are reflected in the visor of an astronaut's helmet. The Space Shuttle Discovery's Cargo Bay and Crew Module, and the Earth's horizon are reflected in the helmet visor of one of the space walking astronauts. Astronauts Steven Smith, John Grunsfeld, Michael Foale and Claude Nicollier participated in three days of extravehicular activity on the NASA's third servicing visit to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Dec 1999 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4649583: Discovery view of the space station 03/2011 - Discovery in space 03/2011 - The Discovery shuttle seen from the International Space Station (ISS) on March 7, 2011 after its separation from the station. Last mission of Shuttle Discovery. Backdropped against the blackness of space, Discovery is seen from the International Space Station as the two orbital spacecraft accomplish their relative separation on March 7 after an aggregate of 12 astronauts and cosmonauts worked together for over a week / Bridgeman Images