PCT4286267: Wrong ways, good ways: arriving late, knocking at the door before entering - engraving from the book “Tous les cinq” by Miss Miallier, 19th century - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282672: Confession - 2: - The girl: “” Well here is...”” Postcard from an anticlerical series, early 20th century - sequence - satire - religion - priest - naivete - anticlericalism / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282680: Anticlerical persecution after the separation of the Church and the State in 1905: a cure (priest, abbe), forcibly expelled (manu militari) from the “House of God” by the laity authorities (mayor and police) - “We will expel you””: illustration of the book of the Abbe of Cigala “The Gospels of Sundays””, Librairie des Catechisms 1907 - anticlericalism - anti-clerical - laicite - modern adaptation of the words of the Gospel / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282697: Algeria, 1953: carefree youth, a year before the start of the war that brought independence - three young men smiling in swimsuits on the beach by the sea and among the fig trees of Barbarie - Jean Guiraud collection / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282707: Roman ruins of Volubilis, Roman archaeological site, Unesco World Heritage near Meknes, Morocco - Mosaic of the House of Works of Hercules: detail representing Hercules capturing the Cretan bull (from Crete), one of his twelve works - Roman archaeological site of Volubilis, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Meknes region, Morocco, North Africa, Africa - Photo by Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282762: Rabat, Morocco: view of the Oued Bou Regreg, the ocean, the beach and the town of Sale from the kasbah des Oudaia - sea - terrace - photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282765: Rabat, Morocco, entrance to the Kasbah des Oudaia - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282774: Fes (Fez), Morocco, medersa Bou Inania edifiee between 1350 and 1355 for Sultan Abu Inan Faris (Abu Inan Faris) (regne 1348-1358) during the Merinid dynasty - green tuies - stucco - mosaic - zelliges - cursive writing frieze - verses from the Quran - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282780: Fes (Fez), Morocco, medersa Bou Inania edifiee between 1350 and 1355 for Sultan Abu Inan Faris (Abu Inan Faris) (regne 1348-1358) during the Merinides dynasty - door knocker handle - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282784: Fes (Fez) Morocco: the ruins of the Merinides tomb - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282788: Fes (Fez) Morocco: view of the medina from the ruins of the Merinides tomb - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282805: Fes (Fez), Morocco, medersa Bou Inania edifiee between 1350 and 1355 for Sultan Abu Inan Faris (Abu Inan Faris) (regne 1348-1358) during the Merinides dynasty - stucco - mosaic - zelliges - cursive writing frieze - verses from the Quran - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282844: Old wooden puzzle 1886 with its original storage box: map of France with its departments and provinces - Game on the model of puzzles (puzzles) invented by John Spilsbury, whose vocation was to learn geography by playing - department - province - territorial administration - administrative - geographic atlas / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282913: Excerpt from the almanac Hachette 1916 (“small popular encyclopedia of practical life” during the First World War 1914-1918 - 14-18): study of the needs for the manufacture of clothing for soldiers - uniform - wool - sheep / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282951: Les Cassagnac pere et son: Bernard Adolphe (Bernard-Adolphe) de Granier de Cassagnac (1806-1880) and his son Paul Granier de Cassagnac (1842-1904), journalists, duelists and politicians Bonapartists - caricature of Demarle (?) in “” La Lanterne””, journal by Henri Rochefort, 1869 - the two polemists dip their pen in a poisonous ink ink and carry Napoleon's letter N on the forehead - Le Pays, Bonapartist newspaper - watchdog - pimp of the empire / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282974: View of a binder, catalogue, documentation and tariffs 1961 of Everitube (Saint-Gobain/Pont-a-Mousson) products producing Everite, used for the realization of construction materials, insulation and pipeline based on cement and asbestos. Inverted plates - Uplines de Bassens et Dammarie-les-Lys - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4282997: Excerpt from the almanac Hachette 1922 'small popular encyclopedia of practical life' (print) / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283015: Image of a panel of La Morale by example by Lecerf and Dumoulin (Librairie d'Education Nationale) at the beginning of the 20th century - “” Work ensures well-being and leads to honour””: happiness in the family - happy couple in the interior (living room) the father plays with his daughter, the mother reads to the other two children / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283016: Image of a panel of La Morale by example by Lecerf and Dumoulin (Librairie d'Education Nationale) beginning 20th century - “” Work ensures well-being and leads to honour””: social duties, fraternity in the study - students of the faculty of letters meet the workers going to adult classes of the Popular University - A teacher of letters shakes hands of a worker - handgrip - salvation - respect - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283023: Image of a panel of La Morale by example by Lecerf and Dumoulin (Librairie d'Education Nationale) beginning 20th century - “” Work ensures well-being and leads to honour””: participation in benefices - a boss gives their share to employees (workers) - salute - respect - sharing of benefit - equitably - equitable / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283067: Title page of the anticlerical novel by Leo Taxil and Paul Foucher “The religion of crime”” - anti-clerical bookshop 1880 - illustration by Frid Rick showing a cure (priest) suffocated by a snake (boa - python) in his rings - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283079: Panel of La Morale by example by Lecerf and Dumoulin (Librairie d'Education Nationale) beginning 20th century - “” Work ensures well-being and leads to honor””: temperance - abandoning the cabaret leads the family to well-being and happiness - sobriete - cafe - bistro - absinthe vermouth alcohol alcoholism - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283156: French soldiers in a trench at the front, bayonet with the barrel of their rifles, ready to go to the assault of enemy lines (German) - War 14-18 (1914-1918) - Cover illustration of one of the many popular fascicles published by the Rouff brothers after the First World War (“La prise de Tahure” by Leon Groc, collection “” Patrie””””””” / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283198: Georges-Louis Leclerc, Count of Buffon with his tame chimpanze that serves him, late 19th and beg of 20th century (chromo) / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283199: French banknote (front, Banque de France 1970, 10 francs, created in 1963) with the effigy of the writer Voltaire (Francois Marie Arouet dit, 1694-1778), his pen in his hand, in his Parisian home of the Hotel de Villette - in the background, view of the Pavillon de Flore at the Palais du Louvre on the banks of the Seine (Paris) - coin - franc / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283246: Cover of a booklet Rouff, collection “” Patrie””, published during the war of 14-18 (1914-1918) - “” The hunt at the Zeppelin” - a French airman - machine gun shot at a German airship in flight - air combat - aviation - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283266: Chelles (Seine and Marne), 24 September 1945, General de Gaulle reviews the troops, greeted by the soldiers of the March Battalion No. 24 (B.M. 24), among whom a soldier of African origin - Anonymous photographic print of the period on paper 18 x 24 cm - Private collection - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283359: The catastrophe of Saint-Gervais-les-Bains in 1892 (photo) / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283392: La catastrophe de Saint-Gervais-les-Bains (Saint Gervais les Bains - Haute-Savoie - Haute Savoie - Alpes), Glacier de Tette-Rousse (Tete Rousse), 12 July 1892: engraving from an article in Journal des Voyages 1892 - L'establishment thermal apres la catastrophe - flood - avalanche - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283422: Portrait of the Countess of Frontenac (Anne de la Grange 1632-1707), wife of Louis de Buade, Count of Frontenac and Palluau, (1622-98), who was twice appointed governor of New France by King Louis XIV, and developed the colony he defended against English attacks, particularly at the Battle of Quebec in 1690 - he led also the fight against the Iroquois Indians - Engraving extracted from Harper's Monthly Magazine, 1904 / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283450: An ancestral custom of Morocco, Boujloud takes place a few days after the celebration of Aid al-Adha or Aid al-Kabir (Aid el-Kebir - Aid el-Kebir - Sacrifice Feast) - In Berber villages, young men and boys coat themselves with the skin of sacrificed sheep and pursue the inhabitants by beating them with the feet of animals if they do not give some money. They engage in various dances and pantomimes related to agricultural life (land work, field work) and major events such as marriage. This tradition, whose origin dates back to the dawn of time and perhaps to the prehistory, is similar to other festivities such as the fete de la bear, a form of carnival typical of the pyrenees - Had Imoulas, Haut-Atlas, october 2012 - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283455: An ancestral custom of Morocco, Boujloud takes place a few days after the celebration of Aid al-Adha or Aid al-Kabir (Aid el-Kebir - Aid el-Kebir - Sacrifice Feast) - In Berber villages, young men and boys coat themselves with the skin of sacrificed sheep and pursue the inhabitants by beating them with the feet of animals if they do not give some money. They engage in various dances and pantomimes related to agricultural life (land work, field work) and major events such as marriage. This tradition, whose origin dates back to the dawn of time and perhaps to the prehistory, is similar to other festivities such as the fete de la bear, a form of carnival typical of the pyrenees - Had Imoulas, Haut-Atlas, october 2012 - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283466: An ancestral custom of Morocco, Boujloud takes place a few days after the celebration of Aid al-Adha or Aid al-Kabir (Aid el-Kebir - Aid el-Kebir - Sacrifice Feast) - In Berber villages, young men and boys coat themselves with the skin of sacrificed sheep and pursue the inhabitants by beating them with the feet of animals if they do not give some money. They engage in various dances and pantomimes related to agricultural life (land work, field work) and major events such as marriage. This tradition, whose origin dates back to the dawn of time and perhaps to the prehistory, is similar to other festivities such as the fete de la bear, a form of carnival typical of the pyrenees - Had Imoulas, Haut-Atlas, october 2012 - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283489: An ancestral custom of Berber Morocco, the Boujloud takes place a few days after the celebration of Aid al-Adha or Aid al-Kabir (Aid el-Kebir - Aid el-Kebir - Fete of Sacrifice) - Young men and boys coat themselves with the skin of sacrificed sheep and pursue passers-by by hitting them with the feet of animals if they do not give any money. Various masks and disguises blend in at Boujloud, assimilating this tradition to that of carnival or halloween - Ait-Ourir Region, near Marrakech, November 2013 - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283496: An ancestral custom of Morocco, Boujloud takes place a few days after the celebration of Aid al-Adha or Aid al-Kabir (Aid el-Kebir - Aid el-Kebir - Sacrifice Feast) - In Berber villages, young men and boys coat themselves with the skin of sacrificed sheep and pursue the inhabitants by beating them with the feet of animals if they do not give some money. This tradition, whose origin dates back to the dawn of time and perhaps to the prehistory, is similar to other festivities such as the fete de la bear, a form of carnival typical of the pyrenees - Had Imoulas, Haut-Atlas, october 2012 - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images

PCT4283527: Marrakech, Morocco: interior of Dar Si Said - stucco - arabesques - Photo Patrice Cartier - / Bridgeman Images