PIX4622673: Nebula IC 4628 in Scorpio - Nebula IC 4628 in Scorpius - Nebula has a low light emission, IC 4628 (or Gum 56) is alongside the open cluster Collinder 316, which houses many young hot stars. Image obtained through 3 different filters that highlight oxygen (blue), hydrogen (green), and sulfur (red). This beautiful, arc - like rim of nebulosity is in the far southern sky, out of sight from most of the USA and Europe. It is quite faint and has often been overlooked because of it, even by southern observers. However, it is in a rich region in Scorpius. This richness is reflected in the number of names associated with the objects in the field illustrated here. There is a large scattered star cluster, Collinder 316 which extends over most of the picture. It encloses Trumpler 24, more or less the same cluster under another name, and all of this is part of the Sco OB1 association, a much larger gathering of very hot, intrinsically luminous stars in this part of the sky. The nebula itself is also known as Gum 56, after the Australian Colin Gum who catalogued emission nebulae in the southern sky using wide field photography. This image is in the classic “” Hubble palette”” where SII is assigned to red, H - alpha to green, and OIII to blue. RGB frames were taken for star colors / Bridgeman Images
TEC4622677: Le Pantheon (1757-1790), Paris 5e. In 1744 Louis XV, suffering from a serious illness in Metz, would wish to erect an immense church instead of the abbey of Sainte Genevieve, which was then in ruins. When the war came, he kept his word and assigned the architect Jacques Germain Soufflot the task of drawing up the plans of the monument. A great admirer of Greek Roman architecture, he imagined a gigantic building, built on a plan of Greek cross 110 metres long, 84 metres wide and 83 metres high. At the time, the project seemed so insane that many, in the court and in the salons of the capital, would question Soufflot's abilities and prevent the collapse of the monument. Louis XV confirmed his confidence in the architect and laid the foundation stone in 1764 during a grand ceremony. In 1806, the Pantheon, like all the churches in France closed during the revolution, was restored to its original name of Sainte Genevieve church. Renamed Pantheon in 1830, the building regained its vocation as a laique and patriotic temple. Headquarters to the insurgents of the Commune in 1871, during which Milliere was shot on the steps, the building was definitively transformed into a Republican monument in 1885, during the funeral of Victor Hugo. / Bridgeman Images
PIX4582006: Church of Chiloe and Star Sky - Starry sky above Vilupulli church - Star sky with the Pleiades and the constellation of Orion seen above the church of Vilupulli, one of the sixteen wooden churches of Chiloe classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Chile, January 2009. Starry sky with constellation of Orion and Pleiades star cluster above Vilupulli church (Chiloe). Chiloe is a large island in the South of Chile. Some of its many churches are of the very few remaining 18th century wooden churches in the world. For this reason they were selected among the 100 world monument in danger. Vilupulli church is one of the 16 churches of Chiloe that UNESCO declared as world heritage. It was built in the 18th century and was visited by Darwin 1834; its bell tower is known as the thinnest and finest of chiloe churches / Bridgeman Images
PIX4582360: Supernova 1987A in the Great Magellan Cloud View by HST - Glittering stars and wisps of gas create a breathtaking backdrop for the self - destruction of a massive star, called supernova 1987A, in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a nearby galaxy. Astronomers in the Southern hemisphere witnessed the brilliant explosion of this star on Feb. 23, 1987. Shown in this NASA Hubble Space Telescope image, the supernova remnant, surrounded by inner and outer rings of material, is set in a forest of ethereal, diffuse clouds of gas. This three - color image is composed of several pictures of the supernova and its neighboring region taken with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 in Sept. 1994, Feb. 1996 and July 1997. The many bright blue stars nearby the supernova are massive stars, each more than six times heftier than our Sun. With ages of about 12 million years old, they are members of the same generation of stars as the star that went supernova. The presence of bright gas clouds is another sign of the youth of this region, which still appears to be a fertile breeding ground for new stars. In a few years the supernova's fast moving material will sweep the inner ring with full force, heating and exciting its gas, and will produce a new series of cosmic fireworks that will offer a striking view for more than a decade / Bridgeman Images
PIX4582644: Swan Lace - detail - This is an image of a small portion of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant, taken with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera on Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope on April 24, 1991. The Cygnus Loop marks the edge of a bubble - like, expanding blast wave from a colossal stellar explosion which occurred about 15,000 years ago. The supernova blast wave is slamming into tenuous clouds of interstellar gas. This collision heats and compresses the gas, causing it to glow. The shock acts as a searchlight by revealing the structure of the interstellar medium. Hubble's detailed image shows the blast wave overrunning dense clumps of gas. Although HST can reveal details about as small as our Solar System, the clumps are still unresolvable. This means that they must be small enough to fit inside our Solar System, making them relatively small structures by interstellar standards. A bluish ribbon of light stretching left to right across the picture might be a knot of gas ejected by the supernoya. This interstellar “” bullet,”” traveling over three million miles per hour (5 million km), is just catching up with the shock front (which has been slowed by plowing into interstellar material). The Cygnus Loop appears as a faint ring of glowing gases about three degrees across (six times the diameter of the Full Moon), located in the northern constellation Cygnus the Swan. The supernova remnant is within the plane of our Milky Way Galaxy and is 2,600 light - years away. Supernova remnants play an important role in stellar evolution by enriching space with heavy elements, and triggering new star formation by compressing interstellar gas. Technical Details: The photo is a combination of separate images taken in three colors. Oxygen atoms (blue) emit light at temperatures of 30,000 to 60,000 degrees Celsius (50,000 to 100,000 degrees Fahrenheit). Hydrogen atoms (green) arise throughout the region of shocked gas. Sulfur atoms (red) form when the gas cools to around 10,000 by / Bridgeman Images
PIX4582769: Les Dentelles du Cygne - Detail - NGC 6960 - The Veil Nebula, NGC 6960 - Part of the rest of the supernova of the Dentelles du Swan lies about 1500 years - light from Earth. Ten thousand years ago a star exploded. The supernova remnant is called the Veil Nebula. Here is the west end of the Veil Nebula known as NGC 6960 or the Witch's Broom Nebula. The rampaging gas gains its colors by impacting and exciting existing nearby gas. The supernova remnant lies about 1,400 light - years away towards the constellation of Cygnus. The bright star 52 Cygnus is visible with the unaided eye from a dark location but unrelated to the ancient supernova. The filaments in the right upper portion of the image is commonly called Pickering's Triangle. It was discovered in 1904 by Williamina Fleming of the Harvard Observatory while examining photographic plates of the region. The object was named in honor of her boss, astronomer Edward Charles Pickering / Bridgeman Images
PIX4582885: Remains of the supernova of the Sails - Detail - Vela supernova remnant. Detail - Detail of the rest of the supernova of the Sails. The supernova exploded 12,000 years ago. A supernova event marks the catastrophic end - point in the life of a massive star. The self - destruction of the star releases a huge amount of energy as radiation of all kinds, but a substantial fraction of the force of the explosion blasts the outer part of the supernova into an expanding shell of matter that travels through the almost empty space between the stars. As the rapidly moving blast wave encounters the relatively stationary interstellar medium it creates a very narrow, luminous shock front that appears as a faint nebula. Because the shock front is very convoluted the nebulosity appears to be highly structured and the various colours define different energy levels within the interaction. Although the star responsible for the Vela supernova remnant exploded 12,000 years ago, it is still affecting its environment / Bridgeman Images
PIX4569073: Open cluster Westerlund 1 in the Altar - Open cluster Westerlund 1 in Ara - The open cluster Westerlund 1 is located about 16,000 years - light in the southern constellation of the Altar. It contains hundreds of very young massive stars as well as the supergiant red star W26. Image obtained by the VST telescope in Chile. This exceptionally bright cluster lies about 16 000 light - years from Earth in the southern constellation of Ara (The Altar). It contains hundreds of very massive and brilliant stars, all of which are just a few million years old - - babies by stellar standards. But our view of this cluster is hampered by gas and dust that prevents most of the visible light from the cluster's stars from getting to Earth. Around one of the stars - - known as W26, a red supergiant and possibly the biggest star known - - astronomers have discovered clouds of glowing hydrogen gas, shown as green features in this new image. Such glowing clouds around massive stars are very rare, and are even rarer around a red supergiant - - this is the first ionised nebula discovered around such a star. W26 itself would be too cool to make the gas glow; the astronomers speculate that the source of the ionising radiation may be either hot blue stars elsewhere in the cluster, or possibly a fainter, but much hotter, companion star to W26. W26 will eventually explode as a supernova. The nebula that surrounds it is very similar to the nebula surrounding SN1987A, the remnants of a star that went supernova in 198 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4569327: Sundial - Invalides - Paris - Sundial in Paris - Hotel des Invalides: The sundials of the western facade of the monument of the Hotel des Invalides. In the court of honour, the hour was given on each facade: to the north, by a clock and on the other three facades, by seven solar dials. If the clock is missing, the dials are still visible / Bridgeman Images
PIX4629421: Geocentric System of Ptolemee - Ptolemaic Cosmology - Engraving from “Harmonia Macrocosmica” by Andreas Cellarius, 1708. The planisphere of Ptolemy, or the mechanism of the heavenly orbits following the hypothesis of Ptolemy laid out in a planar view. Plate of the Harmonia Macrocosmica of Andreas Cellarius, 1708 / Bridgeman Images
PIX4629876: Comparison of Earth Sizes, Venus, Mercure and Mars - Planetary-size comparison: Earth, Venus, Mercury and Mars - Earth diameter: 12 756,28 km Venus diameter: 12 100 km Mercury diameter: 4870 km March diameter: 6790 km Size comparison in diametric values: Earth: 12,756.28 km Venus: 12,100 km Mercury: 4,870 km March: 6,790 k / Bridgeman Images
PIX4589001: Andromede Constellation - Constellation of Andromeda - Andromede constellation extracted from the Hevelius Uranographia. Recolorised image. Map showing the constellation of Andromeda with its mythological form from “” Uranographia”” star atlas by Hevelius (1690). Recolored Image / Bridgeman Images