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EVB2946887: Harry S. Truman, president-elect, holds up edition of Chicago Daily Tribune with headline 'Dewey Defeats Truman'. The Republican newspaper followed the public polls predictions that Truman would be defeated by Dewey. Instead, Truman won with electoral votes to spare and a 49.6 % of the popular vote to Dewey's 45.1 %. Nov. 3, 1948. / Bridgeman Images
EVB2946899: President Truman's Message to Congress, Recommending Assistance to Greece and Turkey. The March 12, 1947 address would become known as the Truman Doctrine. The million program of military and economic assistance for Turkey and Greece became the model for the Marshall Plan. / Bridgeman Images
EVB2946902: President Harry Truman signing H.R. 5632, the National Security Act Amendments of 1949. The law converted the National Military Establishment into a new Department of Defense. Aug. 10, 1949. L to R: Sen. Virgil Chapman; no ID; Sen. Richard Russell; Adm. Louis Denfelt; Sen. Leverett Saltonstall; Defense Sec. Louis Johnson (leaning over the desk); Gen. Omar Bradley; Gen. Hoyt Vandenberg; Rep. Dewey Short; Rep. Carl Vinson; Army Sec. Gordon Gray, Sen. Millard Tydings, AF Sec. Stuart Symington; Under Defense Sec. Stephen Early, and Navy Sec. Francis Matthews. / Bridgeman Images
EVB2946376: Major General Oliver Smith with Lieutenant Colonel Ray Murray, left, and Colonel Lewis Puller, right, Christmas, 1950. These three seasoned commanders lead their troops wisely in the face of unrealistic ambitions of the senior commanders Major Gen. Ned Almond and Commander in Chief, Douglas MacArthur. Korean War, 1950-53 / Bridgeman Images
EVB2946474: Fundamentalist Polygamists pray for a favorable verdict in their trial for practicing polygamy. Sept. 19, 1944. They belong to the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints headquartered in Hildale, Utah. These men were among many polygamists, both men and women, arrested in March 1944 by the FBI. Some of these men are among the 15 who were found guilty and served prison terms. The white haired men at the podium are John Yates Barrow (right) and Joseph White Musser. Also identified at left are Charles Frederick Zitting and Joseph Lyman Jessop / Bridgeman Images
EVB2946957: In July of 1955, Frederic Morrow became the first African American Presidential aide in history. He served as Administrative Officer for Special projects on President Eisenhowers staff from 1955 to 1961. The Montgomery Bus Boycott and Little Rock Crisis were the backdrop for Morrows White House years,Chief of Staff Sherman Adams (ctr) / Bridgeman Images