EVB2936471: Operating room amphitheater of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. A patient is receiving ether anesthesia as doctors and students observe. 1888 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936476: Medieval doctor cutting open a patient's skull with a hammer and blade. Illustration from a 14th century French medical manuscript by Guy of Pavia / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936480: Physical therapy patient using finger walker to increase flexibility and range of motion in shoulder. c. 1950 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936481: Physical therapy patient using stationary bicycle. c. 1950 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936488: Title page to the treatise on urine analysis in the late medieval book, HORTUS SANITATIS (Origin of Health). The book describes herbal remedies and cites the works of Galen, Albertus Magnus and Dioscorides. 1491 woodcut / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936491: WOUND MAN. A man with wounds from many different kinds of weapons from a field manual for military surgeons. Woodcut by Hans Wechtlin (active early 16th century), in FELDBUCH DER WUNDARTZNEI, (FIELDBOOK FOR THE TREATMENT OF WOUNDS), authored by Hans von Gersdorff, a German army surgeon / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936494: Henry II of France lies in bed surrounded by attendants after he was wounded while jousting during the celebration daughter's marriage to King Philip II of Spain. King Henry's eye and brain was eye were pierced by a sliver from the shattered lance. His surgeons, including Ambroise Pare, were unable to save the King's life. July 1, 1559 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936497: Joseph Lister, (1827-1912), British surgeon and medical scientist who was the founder of antiseptic surgery. c. 1870 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936769: READING WALL NOTICES, From Arnold Genthe's CHINATOWN SERIES. Chinese immigrants in San Francisco. c. 1900 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936776: Barefoot women immigrants at Ellis Island are from the Caribbean. c. 1910, Bain, George Grantham - Bain News Service (1865-1944) / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936796: THE EMIGRANTS' FAREWELL. A European family with their belongings in are rowed to the anchored sail ship as they start their journey to new land. 1871 print by Aldine Schlesinger / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936809: Engraving of a hot summer night in the German neighborhood of New York. Many U.S. cities have 'Germantowns,' which evolved from the immigrant's communities, such as Yorkville, on the upper East side of Manhattan. 1878 engraving from Harper's Monthly / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936822: Crowd of Eastern European emigrants, possibly Jewish, with three Russian officials, who are reviewing their travel papers. c. 1912 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936835: A young women reading on the steerage deck of an ocean liner approaching the Port of New York. Other women passengers, wrapped in blankets, sleep amid the hardware of the ship's equipment. c. 1910 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936847: An Immigrant Wagon packed with baggage, is followed by a procession of immigrants heading for the train station and destinations in the US interior. 1870's / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936643: Circulation of the blood from William Harvey's ON THE MOTIONS OF THE HEART AND BLOOD, 1628. Illustrations of a tourniqueted human forearms with pronounced superficial blood veins to indicate circulation. Fig.1: Vessel bulges indicating the blood pooling in the of valves in the veins. Fig.2: Finger pressure on vessel indicates one way flow of blood / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936644: Circulation of the blood from William Harvey's ON THE MOTIONS OF THE HEART AND BLOOD, 1628. Illustrations of a tourniqueted human forearms with pronounced superficial blood veins to indicate circulation. Fig. 3: Blood flow is blocked at two points, O and H. At O, the blood pools in a valve and does not flow toward the hand, but flows toward the heart. Fig. 4: Blood flow is blocked at two points, M and N, with no valve within section / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936890: Marion Glass Banister (left), Assistant U.S. Treasurer, and Mrs. Nellie Taylor Ross, Director of the Mint, were among the women members of the Franklin Roosevelt Administration. Ross was a former Governor of Wyoming and Banister was a sister of Senator Carter Glass of Virginia, March 4, 1938, Harris & Ewing (1905-45) / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936659: Front and back view of an idealized, fully proportioned nude woman, 1586 (engraving), della Porta, Giambattista (c.1535-1615) / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936660: Portrait of Andreas Vesalius (1514 - 1564), Belgian anatomist. Engraving by A. Dezarrois / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936665: Claude Bernard (1813-1878), French scientist and physiologist, discovered the digestive function of the pancreas and liver. He developed the concept of the 'internal environment,' that organisms maintain a balance of their physiological functions. Photo by Truchelut, c. 1875 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936670: An illustration showing a theory of vision from Rene Descartes DE HOMINE (Treatise on Man) 1677. A human profile, with the eyes represented above each other and focused on an arrow at right. Lines extend from the eyes to the mid and terminal points of the arrow. Within the head, lines connect the optic nerves to the pineal gland, which connects to nerves leading to the arm which points at the arrow, establishing a relationship between the sensory perception of the arrow and muscular action in response / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936677: 1918 influenza virions (virus particles) / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936681: Robert Koch (1843-1910), photographed with the first post graduate course given in Bacteriology in Berlin, 1891 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936684: Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943), Austrian American immunologist discovered human blood existed in different groups, which he first identified as A, B, and O blood types in 1901. He completed his blood research work at Rockefeller Institute in the 1920s. Until his breakthroughs, many blood transfusion recipients died from immune reactions caused by incompatible blood types. Landsteiner received the 1930 Nobel Prize in Medicine / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936688: Electron micrograph of the poliovirus. 1975 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936693: Caricature of Pierre and Marie Sklodowska Curie, who discovered radium and polonium. c. 1900 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936695: Marie Curie (1867-1934), Polish-French physicist who won two Nobel Prizes, in 1903 for Physics and 1911 for Chemistry / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936699: Donora, Pennsylvania, as seen from Webster, Pa., across the Monongahela River in 1949. In October 1948 a smog cloud of sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide and fluorine, was trapped in a three day air inversion that resulted in 70 deaths / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936730: Judah P. Benjamin (1811-1884), was the first professing Jew elected to the U.S. Senate. He represented Louisiana and held three cabinet positions in the Confederate government during the U.S. Civil War. He continued his successful legal career in England after 1865 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936733: Jewish boy wearing a prayer shawl and boy reading from a Hebrew Bible on Yom Kippur, on a New York City street in a Jewish neighborhood. c.1911 / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936735: Group of Jewish boys with their teacher in Samarkand, c. 1910. Samarkand's Jews lived under Muslim rule until the late 18th century, when Sephardic Moroccan Rabbi, Maghribi, arrived and began a revival Jewish religious life. Russia annexed the region in 1868 and built the Trans-Caspian railroad, ending their isolation from Europe. 1910 color photograph by Sergei Prokudin-Gorskii / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936744: European immigrants arriving at New York City's Castle Garden, America's first official immigration center in 1858. From 1855, until it was replaced by Ellis Island in 1890, Castle Garden sheltered newly arrived immigrants from exploitation and quarantined sick immigrants / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936751: Immigrants leaving a sternwheeler at New York City's Castle Garden in 1884 under police supervision. They may have waited at anchor in the New York harbor for a few days while immigration officials inspected ships and gathered passenger information / Bridgeman Images

EVB2936762: STREET OF THE GAMBLERS (ROSS ALLEY). Chinese immigrants in San Francisco. From Arnold Genthe's CHINATOWN SERIES. 1898 / Bridgeman Images

MEP2377204: Renato De Carmine on the set of Come un uragano / Bridgeman Images