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FLO4708351: Knights of the Temple was founded in 1118, by Hugues de Payns (died 1136), Knight of Champagne and eight other knights to protect the pelerins in the Holy Land. After a humble beginning as Poor Knights of the Temple, the order developed to become a powerful and rich army of fighting monks, with monasteres throughout Europe, and numerous castles in Palestine (Safed, 1140; Karak, 1143; and the castle of the Pelerins 1217). The order ended tragically in 1312 when the Templars were judges, tortures and executes. Hand-coloured copper engraving, in “Images historiques des costumes des principaux peuples de l'Antiquite et du Middle Ages” by Robert Von Spalart, published in 1796. / Bridgeman Images
XEE4155561: Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (1717-1780) - Marie-Therese of Austria (1717-1780) draws the sword of Saint-Etienne - in “The Imperatrices” by Adelaide Celliez (1801-1890) drawing in two shades of 1860 by Messrs. Y. and H. Grenier., Grenier, Y. and H. (active c.1860) / Bridgeman Images