FLO4673612: Jean de Vaudetar, chamberlain to King Charles V, 14th century. He wears a simple white buttoned tunic and stockings, with dagger and keys hanging from his belt. From the Gaignieres collection. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673616: Military costume of a Norman soldier (or Saxon), 12th century, from a manuscript in England. He wears a tunic with sleeves, stockings, shoes, and is armed with a lance, buckler (shield), sword and helmet. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673967: Bertha, daughter of King Lothair II and his concubine Waldrada, 863-925. She wears a veil tied at the throat, and two tunics, the top one with gold cuffs. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673975: Alan IV, Duke of Brittany, died 1119. He wears the oriental style adopted by many crusaders: a turban, long embroidered scarf, furlined brocade robe and green shoes. From a painting in the Redon Abbey, Brittany, now in the Royal Library. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674023: Suger, Abbot of Saint-Denis (Suger de Saint Denis, 1080-1151), 12th century. He wears the tonsure, a hooded robe and holds a crosier. From a portrait in a stainless-glass window in Saint-Denis. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674026: Renaud or Bernard, son of William II (William II) Count of Tonnerre, died 1148 on a crusade in Latakia, Syria. He wears a suit of chainmail under a tunic, and holds a lance with banderole, sword, and buckler (shield) without heraldic coat of arms. From a statue. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674047: Pierre Rogiers (Pierre de Rougier or Peire Rogiers), troubadour and musician, 12th century. He wears a hat adorned with gold buttons, green cape tied at the breast, red tunic and lead-coloured stockings. From a English manuscript in the Vatican library. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674054: Holy communion ceremony, 12th century. A priest and altar boy with tonsure giving holy communion to the kneeling congregation in a church. From a manuscript in the Royal Library. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674132: Louis IX, King of France (Saint Louis), in military costume mounted on a white horse (symbol of sovereignty). He wears a helm with grill, suit of iron chainmail, sleeveless tunic and spurs. He holds an escutcheon or buckler and banner with the royal coat of arms, gold fleurs de liys on blue field. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674190: Mahaut or Matilda II, (Mathilde d'Artois or Mahaut d'Artois, 1268-1329) Countess of Burgundy, 13th century. She wears a crown decorated with gems, veil over her hair, a blue coat-of-arms tunic with gold fleurs de liys, and tunic with pink sleeves. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674226: Knight Templar in combat uniform, 12th century. He wears a steel helm, white tunic and stockings, carries a sword and buckler. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673820: Lothair I, Emperor of the Romans, 795-855. He carries a sceptre and orb, wears a mitre and crown, long cope or pluviale over several tunics. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673840: Executioner, 9th century. He wears a sleeveless tunic with belt, laced sandals up to the calf, and holds an axe. From a manuscript in the king's library. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673873: French soldier, 9th century. He wears a Phrygian cap, chlamys, short chainmail armour over a tunic, stockings and shoes laced to the calf. He carries a lance and buckler (shield). Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673715: English royal valet in hunting wear, 14th century. He wears a purple leotard, green hose and cracows or foals. From his shoulder hangs a horn to call the dogs, and on his belt is a dagger to skin game. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673756: French bourgeois, 14th century. He wears a red bonnet, yellow mantelet with hood turned down, and robe in scarlet wool, yellow shoes. He wears a yellow purse on his belt. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4673768: King of the Franks, 714-768. He wears a crown, full cape with a rich border fastened with a gold buckle, green tunic. He holds a fleur de liys sceptre, and a tablet with a cross in jewels. He sits on a throne with lion heads. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674272: Military costume, 12th century. Knight in red cape, white tunic, over chainmail suit of armour and plate greaves, spurs and gauntlets. His arms include sword and dagger. His “” nasal”” helmet features a chainmail gorgerin and a strip of leather and armour to protect the nose. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674295: Raymond V, Count of Toulouse, (Raymond V de Toulouse) 1134-1194. He wears a skullcap, short sayon (jacket), doublet, and stockings and gauntlets. He wears a dagger or misericorde from his belt. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674322: Renaud of Saint-Vincent, bourgeois of Senlis, died 1290. He wears a long tunic under a simar with hood. His hat or chapel has hearts around the brim. From his tomb in Chaalis Abbey, Picardie. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674332: Agnes de la Queue, first wife of Erost de Treinel, 13th century. She wears a long tunic, cotte bold, furlined cape, yellow pointed shoes. Her veil is tied under the chin, passed through her bonnet, and draped to the shoulders. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4674362: Margaret of Bar (Marguerite de Bar, 1220-1275), wife of Henry V, Count of Luxembourg, 13th century. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from “” French Costumes from KingClovis to Our Days,”” Massard, Mifliez, Paris, 1834., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4572893: Colonel-General in the English Chasseurs, Napoleonic era. Handcoloured lithograph by Leopold Massard from Le Bibliophile Jacob aka Paul Lacroix's Costumes Historique de la France (Historical Costumes of France), Administration de Librairie, Paris, 1852., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4572807: Joachim Murat, King of Naples, Marshal of France 1767-1815. Handcoloured lithograph by Leopold Massard from Le Bibliophile Jacob aka Paul Lacroix's Costumes Historique de la France (Historical Costumes of France), Administration de Librairie, Paris, 1852., Massard, Leopold (1812-1889) / Bridgeman Images